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Magix Movie Edit Pro 15 Manual

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272 MPEG glossary
www.magix.com
V
f
o
However, we still refer to frames, since many predecessors of MPEG
compression are based on such frames. Video editing literature
usually refers to frames.
G
G
t
e
ideo recordings, with the exception of computer animations and still
rames, don't contain full images. Instead, they have double numbers
f half-images (fields) which are transmitted in an interlaced state.
OP
roup of Pictures: The sequence of I frames and the P and B frames
hat belong to them.
.g. I B B P B B P B B I ...
(This GOP has a length of 9, with 2 P frames and 2 B frames)
I
B
and moveme
T
I
a
c
P
w
f
G
N
I
b
r
I
Intra-frames: In these pictures, the entire image information of a
frame is saved and only information from this frame is used ("intra-
f
t
f
f
2
frames contain the entire image information of a frame, while P and
have part of the information. So-called prediction (on page 274)
nt approximation are methods used for reduction.
he combination P B B is called a subgroup.
frames must appear in regular intervals in the data stream for image
nd sound to be synchronized. Between the I frames only a limited
ount of P and B frames is allowed. This explains a few things: Since
and B frames contain only differential information, these differences
ill be larger with time, since more and more changes takes place
rom frame to frame. A large count does not make much sense, since
OP has a maximum length of 15 (4P, 2B) in PAL and 18 (5P, 2B) in
TSC. (More than 2 B frames between P frames is not allowed).
n a closed GOP, B frames of the last subgroup may contain only
ackward predictions or references to the preceding P frame, but no
eferences to the following I frame, since it belongs to the next GOP.
frames
rame encoded"). In contrast to the I frame, P and B frames save only
he differences between the current frame, and preceding and/or
ollowing frame are also found in MPEG video (P frame = "predicted
rame", B frame = "bidirectional frame", see Prediction
(on page
74)).
… 272 …


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