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270 MPEG glossary
www.magix.com
MPEG glossary
Motion estimation
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otion estimation is a further element for reducing data used in
PEG encoding.
otion estimation also occurs in the B and P frames. The image
ifference that still exist after prediction
(on page 274) are examined.
omplex algorithms are used to search for an original occurrence of
he macro block in the reference frame of each macro block of the P
r B frame (these are units of 2x2 blocks specially combined for this
urpose), which have been moved either by movement or by camera
an. They can then be left out in the P and B frame. Only the
nformation by how far and to where the macro block has been
oved is saved instead. This vector is called the motion detector.
n the
General encoder settings (on page 265), you can specify the
uality of the final MPEG video. This factor also influences the time
equired for encoding. The longer it takes, the better the quality.
it rate
PEG is a format used for storage and transferring. With older
ormats (e.g. AVI) you could predict that 20 seconds of movie would
in 20 MB of data. The file size is a direct measurement of
uality.
n the case of MPEG this is different. The amount of data available
an be used differently for different display modes. 20 MB can be 4
econds of DVD Video or 5 minutes of streaming Internet in
humbnail format. The quality of an MPEG video is measured by the
idth of the created data stream, i.e. the bit rate. This is the amount
t
f data transmit ed per time unit indicated in kBit/s or bits per
econd.
Bits, not bytes, are used, since the data word width has to address
the transmission restrictions.
The file
k
F
size can be calculated from the average bit rate, if its length is
nown:
= (BRV + BRA) * t
270


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