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wheels and axles and inclined planes
website: www.knexeducation.co.uk
Lesson 4: The Steering Wheel
Lesson�4:�The�Steering�Wheel
Time: 1.5 hours
Learning Objectives - Children should learn:
•toinvestigateanddisassembleproductsinordertolearn
how they work
•aboutsimplemachinesthatmakeiteasiertodothings
•torelatesciencetothewaysfamiliarmachineswork
•tocommunicateinformationaboutproductsand
mechanisms through labelled drawings
Possible Teaching and Learning Activities
Introduction
This lesson may be used to support the QCA/DfES Scheme
of Work Exemplar Materials for:
Design and Technology Unit
6 D: Controllable Vehicles.
Whole Class
 • Basedonthechildren’sfindingsfromearlierlessons,
review how a wheel and axle mechanism can be used
in two different ways:
1. In the K’NEX Well model, a large wheel - the
handle - was used to turn a small axle. This
mechanism required a small effort to produce an
increase in turning forces at the axle and so made
the job of lifting a heavy object easier.
2. In the K’NEX Paddleboat model, a small axle
was used to turn a large wheel. This mechanism
needed a large effort at the axle but only produced
small forces at the wheel rim. The wheel rim,
however, moved much faster than the axle.
 • Explaintothechildrenhow,inthislesson,theywill
investigate the way in which a wheel and axle
mechanism can be used to help control the direction in
which a vehicle travels.
 • Talkabouthowdifferenttypesoftransportcanbe
steered. For example:
   •Boatsandaircraft
   •Bicyclesandtrolleys
   •Cars,trucksandbuses
   •Vehiclestheyhavemadethemselves
   •Trackedvehicles
Vocabulary
wheel, axle, linkage,
parallel linkage, parallelogram,
steering, mechanism, faster,
slower, diameter, modify
Resources
Each group of 2-3 children
will need:
1 K’NEX Understanding
Mechanisms: Wheels and Axles
and Inclined Planes kit with
Building Instructions booklet.
Useful Internet Web Sites:
www.howstuffworks.com/steering:
Demonstrates how a car’s steering
system works. Good background
information for teachers.
For Reference
Macaulay, David. ‘The Way Things
Work.’ Houghton Mifflin Company.
1988. Either the book or CD ROM
is an excellent resource.
Rudders
Pivots
Steering Wheels
Answers will vary
Two motors, using forward and
reverse gears
If time permits, allow the children to use
the school library or the Internet
to research these different methods of
controlling the direction of movement.
Encourage them to find pictures of
different types of steering mechanisms
and create a wall display.
Education
®
22


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