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wheels and axles and inclined planes
website: www.knexeducation.co.uk
Lesson 4: The Steering Wheel
Teacher’s Notes
The steering mechanism is an
example of a linkage mechanism.
Linkage mechanisms allow (i) forces
and movements to be transferred, (ii)
the direction of a force to be changed,
or (iii) things to be moved in a
particular way.
Calliper brakes on bicycles, treadle
sewing machines and toolbox drawers
that stay level when opened are
examples of linkages.
The K’NEX car steering linkage
is based on a parallelogram. A
parallelogram linkage can be used
to make two sides move together
and stay parallel to each other while
one side (AB) remains fixed. See
diagram: Principle of Parallel Linkage.
In the K’NEX Car model AB is the
front section of the car, (Building Step
6), located between the two upright
white Rods.
Extension Activity
 • Askthechildrentoinvestigatethefollowingquestions,
using the school library and Internet:
   •Doallvehicleshavethesamesized
steering wheels?
   •Howdoesthesizeofthesteeringwheelrelateto
the job a vehicle does? Consider, for example, a
family car, a lorry, a bus, and a Formula 1 racing
or sports car.
Lorries and buses are large, heavy
vehicles with large, heavy wheels
and steering mechanisms. Turning
the wheels on such vehicles requires
a great amount of effort. The steering
wheel for this type of vehicle,
therefore, will have a large diameter
because this needs less effort to turn
than a wheel with a small diameter.
In order to turn the wheels of the
vehicle, however, the large steer-
ing wheel must be turned through a
greater distance than would a smaller
one. Lorries and buses, therefore,
tend to make turns more slowly than
do smaller vehicles. There is also
a safety issue involved here – these
types of vehicles may become
unstable if they try to turn corners too
quickly.
Education
®
24


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