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wheels and axles and inclined planes
website: www.knexeducation.co.uk
Lesson 3: The Paddle-boat
Teacher’s Notes
You may find it useful to create a
word wall showing the range of
words and terminology the children
may need as they discuss their
investigations and findings, and for
when they make labelled drawings
and write descriptions. Words could
be written on cards, possibly with
simple descriptors on the reverse side
See: Key Technical Terms and
Scientific Definitions for additional
information.
Depending on the time available, each
group might test only one sized paddle
(5 cm x 5 cm), or a range of different
sized paddles attached to each of the
green rods on the paddle-wheel, to
find the best sized paddle to meet the
design brief.
Alternatively, different groups could
be given a specific paddle size to test.
Paddle sizes ranging from 2 x 2 cm to
5 x 5 cm + could be tried.
The class could then be asked
compare and evaluate their results.
Let’s Investigate -
How well does the paddle-boat work in water?
Whole Class
 • Explaintothechildrenthattheywillnowtesthowwell
their elastic band ‘engine’ and paddle design works.
They can use elastic bands to attach blocks of wood
or expanded polystyrene to their K’NEX model to help
it float. Alternatively, they can cover the hull with
aluminium foil or cling film.
Working in Groups of 2-3 / Demonstration
 • Ifpossible,eachgroupshouldhavetheopportunityto
test how well, or not, their paddle-boat moves through
the water.
 • Discusshowimprovementscouldbemadetothe
paddle-wheel design to help make the paddle-boat
move faster through the water.
 • Providecard,clingfilm(orsheetplastic),scissorsand
a ruler for making paddles.
Some children may find it difficult to understand how the
paddle-wheel can spin faster than the axle to which it is
connected. The children will reason that because they are
connected, they must turn at the same speed.
Try this!
 • Asktwochildrentoholdontoeitherendofalong
pole or broom handle. Both should face in the same
direction. One child is the axle and the other is the
outer edge of the paddle wheel. Ask them to turn in
a circle. As they turn, the child who is the axle must
turn slowly while their partner at the outer edge must
move quickly to keep up.
Education
®
20


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