The growing importance of LANs and the increasing complexity of desktop computing applications are fueling the need for high performance networks.
A number of high-speed LAN technologies are proposed to provide greater bandwidth and improve client/server response times.Among them,Fast Ethernet,or
100T,provides a non-disruptive,smooth evolution from 10T technology.
100Mbps Fast Ethernet is a standard specified by the IEEE 802.3 LAN committee.It is an extension of the 10Mbps Ethernet standard with the ability to transmit
and receive data at 100Mbps,while maintaining the Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Ethernet protocol.
Gigabit Ethernet Technology
Gigabit Ethernet is an extension of IEEE 802.3 Ethernet utilizing the same packet structure,format,and support for CSMA/CD protocol,full duplex,flow control,
and management objects,but with a tenfold increase in theoretical throughput over 100Mbps Fast Ethernet and a one hundred-fold increase over 10Mbps
Ethernet.Since it is compatible with all 10Mbps and 100Mbps Ethernet environments,Gigabit Ethernet provides a straightforward upgrade without wasting a
company's existing investment in hardware,software,and trained personnel.
The increased speed and extra bandwidth offered by Gigabit Ethernet are essential to coping with the network bottlenecks that frequently develop as computers
and their busses get faster and more users use applications that generate more traffic.Upgrading key components,such as your backbone and servers to Gigabit
Ethernet can greatly improve network response times as well as significantly speed up the traffic between your subnetworks.
Gigabit Ethernet enables fast optical fibre connections to support video conferencing,complex imaging,and similar data-intensive applications.Likewise,since data
transfers occur 10 times faster than Fast Ethernet,servers outfitted with Gigabit Ethernet NIC's are able to perform 10 times the number of operations in the
same amount of time.
In addition,the phenomenal bandwidth delivered by Gigabit Ethernet is the most cost-effective method to take advantage of today and tomorrow's rapidly
improving switching and routing internetworking technologies.
Switching Technology
Another key development pushing the limits of Ethernet technology is in the field of switching technology.A switch bridges Ethernet packets at the MAC address
level of the Ethernet protocol transmitting among connected Ethernet or Fast Ethernet LAN segments.
Switching is a cost-eff
ectiv
e way of increasing the total network capacity available to users on a local area network.A switch increases capacity and decreases
netw
ork loading by making it possible for a local area network to be divided into different segments,which are not competing with each other for network
transmission capacity,and therefore decreasing the load on each segment.
The Switch acts as a high-speed selectiv
e bridge betw
een the individual segments.
Traffic that needs to go from one segment to another (from one port to
another) is automatically forwarded by the Switch,without interfering with any other segments (ports).This allows the total network capacity to be multiplied,
while still maintaining the same network cabling and adapter cards.
F
or Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet netw
orks,
a s
witch is an eff
ectiv
e wa
y of eliminating problems of chaining hubs beyond the "two-repeater limit." A switch
can be used to split parts of the network into different collision domains,for example,making it possible to expand your Fast Ethernet network beyond the 205-
meter network diameter limit for 100TX networks.Switches supporting both traditional 10Mbps Ethernet and 100Mbps Fast Ethernet are also ideal for bridging
betw
een existing 10Mbps netw
orks and ne
w 100Mbps netw
orks.
Switching LAN technolog
y is a mark
ed impr
ovement over the previous generation of network bridges,which were characterized by higher latencies.Routers
have also been used to segment local area networks,but the cost of a router and the setup and maintenance required make routers relatively impractical.Today's
switches are an ideal solution to most kinds of local area network congestion problems.
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