467082

Multiplex Cockpit MM Manual

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Instructions
2
Dear customer,
Dear fellow-modeller,
The COCKPIT
MM
: that’s the name of the new system from MULTIPLEX. We have used
this name before, on a transmitter which we introduced in 1985, but the new Cock-
pit is not comparable in any way with the earlier version. The new transmitter in-
corporates micro-processor technology, and it is this which provides its wide-
ranging facilities and operating convenience. The new system features many inter-
esting and useful innovations which modellers could hardly have imagined at the
time of the earlier Cockpit:
The COCKPIT
MM
’s primary features:
• 7 channels, PPM transmission
• 9 model memories with copy function
• Suitable for fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters and vehicles
• Simple programming based on a 3D digi-adjustor and 2-line
LCD screen with up to 11 symbols
• Digital trims with trim memory
• Programmable servo reverse, centre, and end-points (both directions) for all 7
channels (3-point curve)
• 9 mixers for fixed-wing model aircraft: combi-switch, aileron differential,
V-tail mixer, delta mixer, flaperon mixer, spoileron with aileron differential sup-
pression, 3 x elevator trim compensation for motor, control E (flap), and control
F (spoiler)
• 3 mixers for helicopters
• „MOTOR OFF“ switch as emergency motor stop
• Choice of 8 primary control configurations (stick modes)
• Switchable reduced travels (Dual Rates) for 3 channels
• Expo for 3 channels
• Stopwatch, operating hours timer
The name „Cockpit“ is also intended to reflect the aim which we kept in mind all the
time when developing this system:
„Just as in a ‘full-scale’ cockpit, the model pilot should be able
to reach and control all the essentials quickly and easily.“
And the „MM“? Quite simple: MM is two thousand in Roman numerals, and we use it
to show that the Cockpit is our contribution to the theme of the new millennium.
Please read right through these instructions carefully before you use your new RC
system for the first time. This will help you to get to know the COCKPIT MM’s fea-
tures quickly, so that you can exploit its many facilities to the full.
We hope you have many hours of fun and pleasure with your new system.
Yours the MULTIPLEX team
3
1. Contents
1. Contents ...................................................................................................................3
2. Safety ........................................................................................................................5
3. The C
OCKPIT
MM
transmitter ...................................................................................6
4. Switching on for the first time............................................................................7
4.1. Preparation...............................................................................................................7
4.1.1. Charging the transmitter battery.................................................................................................................7
4.1.2. Charging the receiver battery.........................................................................................................................7
4.1.3. Battery chargers and accessories.................................................................................................................8
4.1.4. Fitting the transmitter crystal..........................................................................................................................9
4.1.5. The transmitter sticks.............................................................................................................................................9
4.1.6. COCKPIT
MM
expansion facilities and re-adjustment.......................................................................10
4.2. What is supposed to happen?...........................................................................11
5. The operating philosophy................................................................................ 13
5.1. Introduction..........................................................................................................13
5.2. Screen and 3D digi-adjustor .............................................................................. 14
5.3. Example: selecting your language ...................................................................14
5.4. Digital trims and trim value memory...............................................................16
5.4.1. Digital trims.................................................................................................................................................................16
5.4.2. Trim display.................................................................................................................................................................17
5.4.3. Trim memory..............................................................................................................................................................17
5.4.4. Trim type (centre trim).......................................................................................................................................17
6. Model memories.................................................................................................. 18
6.1. Switching model memories...............................................................................18
6.2. Copying model memories..................................................................................19
7. General settings .................................................................................................. 19
7.1. Selecting the language .......................................................................................19
7.2. Battery alarm threshold ......................................................................................20
7.3. Operating hours ...................................................................................................20
8. Setting up a new model..................................................................................... 21
8.1. Preparing the model and receiving system ...................................................21
8.1.1. Preparing the model............................................................................................................................................21
8.1.2. Connecting the servos to the receiver..................................................................................................21
8.2. Preparing the model memory...........................................................................21
8.2.1. Selecting the model type / Erasing the model memory........................................................21
8.2.2. Selecting the transmitter configuration (stick mode)..............................................................22
8.2.3. The Throttle/Collective Pitch trim of the COCKPIT
MM
....................................................................23
8.3. Adjusting servos (direction of rotation, format, centre and travels).........24
4
8.3.1. Selecting the direction of rotation and servo signal format...............................................24
8.3.2. Adjusting the servo centre and end-points.....................................................................................25
8.4. Adjusting the transmitter controls ...................................................................26
8.4.1. Dual-Rates....................................................................................................................................................................26
8.4.2. Exponential (EXPO)...............................................................................................................................................27
8.5. Mixers for fixed-wing model aircraft................................................................28
8.5.1. Combi-Switch for coupled aileron and rudder..............................................................................28
8.5.2. V-TAIL for models with a V-tail....................................................................................................................28
8.5.3. DELTA mixer for flying wings and deltas............................................................................................29
8.5.4. Aileron differential for models with two aileron servos.........................................................30
8.5.5. Flaperon mixer for trimming the wing section.............................................................................31
8.5.6. Spoileron mixer: using ailerons as a landing aid..........................................................................32
8.5.7. Elevator compensation for throttle, flaps and spoilers...........................................................33
8.6. Helicopter mixers.................................................................................................34
8.6.1. Introduction...............................................................................................................................................................34
8.6.2. Preparations...............................................................................................................................................................35
8.6.3. Static tail rotor compensation.....................................................................................................................36
8.6.4. Auto-rotation............................................................................................................................................................37
8.6.5. Idle-up.............................................................................................................................................................................38
8.6.6. The starting procedure......................................................................................................................................39
8.6.7. Test flying.....................................................................................................................................................................39
9. Auxiliary functions..............................................................................................40
9.1. Stopwatch / MOTOR OFF switch.......................................................................40
9.2. Teacher/pupil mode ............................................................................................41
10. Channel-Check gives security when you switch on ...................................42
10.1. Installing Channel-Check....................................................................................42
10.2. Operating the transmitter with Channel-Check............................................43
10.3. What should I do if STOP appears and the LED flashes fast?......................43
10.4. How effective is Channel-Check?......................................................................44
11. Installing the receiving system in the model...............................................45
12. The system in use ........................................
Fehler! Textmarke nicht definiert.
12.1. Post Office regulations for the U.K....................................................................45
12.2. Range check...........................................................................................................46
12.3. Using the diagnosis lead.....................................................................................47
12.4. Care of the transmitter........................................................................................47
12.5. What should I do if I have queries or problems?............................................47
13. Accessories............................................................................................................48
5
2. Safety
Radio controlled models are not playthings!
Safety in RC modelling is of extreme importance, and you can make the greatest
contribution to it yourself, simply by handling and using your radio control system
and model carefully, responsibly and conscientiously.
• Check all electrical and mechanical connections in the model regularly.
• Check regularly that all control surfaces work smoothly, freely, and without slop
(disconnect the linkages to check this).
• Carry out regular range checks (see 12.2. Range testing).
• Check with other pilots and the site flight line director that your channel is not
already in use. The Channel-Check module (optional accessory - see 10. Chan-
nel-Check) provides an extra level of security.
• Before launching your model extend the transmitter aerial to its full length and
check that it is in good condition and firmly secured.
• Check that the transmitter is set to the correct model memory.
• Before every flight check all the working systems as follows:
Do all the control surfaces work in the correct „sense“ relative to the stick
movements? Are the control surface travels correct? Have you set the appropri-
ate mixers for the model, and have you adjusted them correctly?
• Are the transmitter and receiver battery adequately charged, and in good, well-
maintained condition?
• Use only genuine MULTIPLEX crystals, batteries and accessories.
• Read and observe the recommendations for any components of your receiving
system which are not covered by these operating instructions.
If you are not sure of any of these points, do not launch the model! Check every-
thing again in peace and quiet, and give yourself a chance to locate and remedy the
fault. If you still cannot eliminate the problem, ask your model shop or the
MULTIPLEX customer service department for advice and assistance.
! Read Chapter 12. - The system in use -
and keep to the recommendations !
6
3. The COCKPIT
MM
transmitter
The illustration shows a transmitter fitted with optional accessories.
Specification:
Dimensions: 180 x 180 x 35 mm
Weight incl. battery: approx. 600 g
No. of channels: 7 proportional channels
Power supply: 7,2 V / 600mAh (optional 1000 mAh, Order No. 15 5510)
Current consumption: approx. 170 mA
Operating temperature: -15° C to + 50° C
Transmitter aerial
Slider # 7 5720 (optional transmitter control)
Universal socket (on side):
- battery charging
- diagnosis operation
- teacher/pupil operation
Neckstrap lug
Stick unit
right
Digital trim (4 x)
ON/OFF switch
Monitor lamp
Aerial storage compartment
(bottom)
(optional transmitter control)
LCD screen
Stick unit
left
Function or
control switch
7
4. Switching on for the first time
4.1. Preparation
4.1.1. Charging the transmitter battery
On the left-hand side of the transmitter you will find the MULTIPLEX universal
socket. We call it „universal“ because you can use it for several functions:
• charging the transmitter battery,
• connecting the cable for teacher/pupil operation (9.2. Teacher/pupil mode), and
• connecting the cable for diagnosis operation (12.3. Using the diagnosis lead).
Charging the battery - important note:
•• Automatic battery fuse
The battery installed in your transmitter is fitted with an internal thermal fuse.
The COCKPIT
MM
must be used only with a genuine MULTIPLEX battery
fitted with this type of fuse.
This fuse protects the battery from excessive current flow if a short-circuit should
occur.
!!
When the short-circuit is removed, the fuse element cools down within about
one minute, and the battery then works again normally.
•• First connect the charge lead to the charger
Always connect the charge lead to the battery charger first, and only then to the
transmitter. If you do it the other way round, the banana plugs on the charge lead
could touch and short-circuit the battery.
•• When charging the battery please note:
Normal (slow) charging:
no restrictions or special measures required.
Rapid charging with automatic charge termination: do not exceed the maximum
current stated in the operating instructions. If you ignore this, the fuse element may
trip, and the charge process will be broken off prematurely.
Never exceed the charge currents stated by the manufacturer!
4.1.2. Charging the receiver battery
The same recommendations apply to the receiver battery.
Read the manufacturer’s charging notes, which are printed on the
battery. The charge currents stated by the manufacturer must not be
exceeded!
8
4.1.3. Battery chargers and accessories
Plug-type charger
for 230 V~ # 14 5535 (50 mA) or # 14 5536 (100 mA)
for 110 V~ # 14 5538
These units charge the transmitter and receiver batteries simultaneously at around
50 mA (# 14 5535) or 100 mA (#14 5538). Charge leads to suit MULTIPLEX transmit-
ter and receiver batteries (MPX connector system) are fitted to the chargers as stan-
dard.
Combilader 5/700 for 230 V~ # 14 5541
This unit charges the transmitter and receiver batteries simultaneously at a maxi-
mum total rate of around 700 mA.
Charge leads are available as follows for:
• MULTIPLEX transmitter ⇒ # 8 6020
• Receiver battery (MPX connector system) ⇒ # 8 5106
• Receiver battery (UNI connector system) ⇒ # 8 5094
• Receiver battery (Micro connector system) ⇒ # 8 5112
PiCO line AUTO-Lader # 9 2526 for use with a 12 V car battery or a stabilised power
supply
This battery charger features automatic charge termination, and is designed for
rapid-charging of flight batteries with up to seven cells fitted with the HC (green)
connector system. It can also charge your transmitter and receiver batteries pro-
vided that they are of the rapid-charge type (read the battery manufacturer’s notes
if you are not sure).
Charge leads are available as follows for:
• MULTIPLEX transmitter ⇒ # 8 5163
• Receiver battery (MPX connector system) ⇒ # 8 5099
• Receiver battery (UNI connector system) ⇒ # 8 5096
• Receiver battery (Micro connector system) ⇒ # 8 5097
Drive batteries (flight packs) with the MULTIPLEX HC (green) connector system can
be connected to the charger directly.
Other battery chargers with banana plug sockets (4 mm Ø)
Charge leads are available as follows for:
• MULTIPLEX transmitter ⇒ # 8 6020
• Receiver battery (MPX connector system) ⇒ # 8 5106
• Receiver battery (UNI connector system) ⇒ # 8 5094
• Receiver battery (Micro connector system) ⇒ # 8 5112
9
4.1.4. Fitting the transmitter crystal
First open the transmitter (Fig. I). Transmitter crystals are fitted with a blue plastic
sleeve and bear the code letter „S“ before the channel number. Check also that the
crystal is correct for your transmitter’s frequency band.
You can tell the frequency band of any MULTIPLEX transmitter by the colour of the
aerial wire (flexible wire from the main circuit board to the aerial):
• orange = 35 MHz band
• green = 40 MHz band
• red = 72 MHz band
Fit the transmitter crystal in the appropriate socket on the main circuit board
(see Fig. II).
Please be very careful when handling crystals:
• Don’t let them fall
• Don’t force them into the socket
• Don’t subject them to vibration in use or in storage
4.1.5. The transmitter sticks
The sticks of the COCKPIT
MM
transmitter feature:
• variable spring tension
• selectable self-neutralising action or ratchet (non-neutralising)
• height-adjustable stick tops
Adjusting the stick tension (see Fig. III)
The sticks of your transmitter are fitted as standard with neutralising springs. This
means that the sticks always return to centre when you release them. You can ad-
just the spring tension to suit your personal preference by rotating the M2 x 16
cross-point screws. Turn the corresponding screw clockwise to increase spring ten-
sion, and anti-clockwise to reduce spring tension.
Activating the stick ratchet (Fig. IV)
As standard the transmitter is supplied with all four primary stick functions self-
neutralising. However, for many functions (e.g. throttle or spoilers) the neutralising
action is not required. For this reason any of the sticks can be converted from
„spring-neutralising“ to „ratchet“ operation if required. The parts required for the
conversion are supplied in a separate plastic bag in the transmitter packaging.
This is the procedure for activating the ratchet:
1. Disable the neutralising spring
Locate the M2 x 16 cross-point screw in the accessory bag and screw it fully into
the plinth designed for it.
2. Now screw the ratchet spring to the stick unit frame using the cross-point 2.2 x
6 mm screw.
Caution: don’t over-tighten the screw, otherwise you could strip the threads in
the plastic.
10
Replacing and adjusting the stick tops
The stick tops are a push-fit on the sticks; they are secured by a twisting motion.
1. To release a stick top rotate the plastic moulding until you feel it come loose.
The stick top can then easily be pulled off the stick shaft.
2. To fit a stick top, first fit the plastic moulding onto the stick and rotate it until it
slips easily down the shaft. Set it at your preferred length, and lock it by twist-
ing the stick top through about 180°.
4.1.6. COCKPIT
MM
expansion facilities and re-adjustment
In its standard form the COCKPIT
MM
features up to 7 control channels (4 stick channels,
3 auxiliary channels), depending on the version you have purchased. You can con-
vert or expand the transmitter to meet your individual needs and wishes.
Auxiliary channels
The three auxiliary channels (controls E, F, G) can be operated by any combination
of:
• slider (# 7 5720)
• rotary adjustor (# 7 5719)
• 2-position or 3-position switch (# 7 5742 resp. # 7 5740)
These controls are connected to the sockets marked E, F and G on the main circuit
board (Fig. V).
Important:
After installation or modification of controls re-adjustment is necessary!
If auxiliary controls are added or their connecting location is changed, all con-
trols must be realigned. Do not attempt to realign the transmitter until you are
familiar with the operating philosophy of the transmitter (see 5. Operating phi-
losophy).
This is how you realign controls:
Procedure
Display
GB: D:
1.
In the menu SETUP select –ADJ– and move to
the bottom line (CT- appears)
-ADJ- -ABGL-
CT- CT-
2.
Set all controls to centre position
(sticks/slider/rotary adjustor/switches)
3.
Go back to the top line.
All centre positions are stored now.
-ADJ- -ABGL-
4.
Move all controls (one by one) slowly to both of
their extreme positions and hold the extremes
for approx. 3 sec.
Don’t move stick in two directions at a time!
When you quit the menu (Digi adjustor turned
to the left) all adjustment values are stored.!
5.
Continue as shown in the flow chart.
11
Function switches
Three additional switch can be installed. The switched function depends on the
selected model type:
Functions for
type UNI
Functions for
type HELI
Connection
(s. fig. V)
Switch type
Combi-Switch Auto-rotation S3 2-pos. (# 7 5742)
Dual-Rate S2 2-pos. (# 7 5742)
Timer and MOTOR OFF
S1 3-pos. (# 7 5740 or # 7 5707 E/A/T)
The connectors can be fit to the main electronics board in either direction. When
turned by 180 deg. the switch position for ON/OF is reversed.
Essential expansion for use with model helicopters:
• Slider (# 7 5720) for idle up (as control E)
• 2-pos. switch (# 7 5742) for auto-rotation select
• 3-pos. switch (# 7 5740 or # 7 5707 E/A/T)
for the timer and MOTOR OFF
• optional rotary adjustor (# 7 5719) for setting gyro gain (sensitivity)
General information for the supplementary installation of controls and switches
The slider can only be installed between the two primary stick units (see instruc-
tions supplied with slider). All the other optional controls can be installed in any
arrangement on the front face of the transmitter. As standard the mounting holes
are sealed with plastic blanking plugs.
For more detailed information on the way these auxiliary controls can be used
please read the appropriate section of these operating instructions.
4.2. What is supposed to happen?
We bet you are keen to try out your new radio control system immediately, and the
best way of doing this is to assemble a „test“ receiving system. We assume that you
have already carried out the Preparation as described in Chapter 4.1, and set stick
mode 1 (see 8.2.2., Selecting the stick mode).
If you have purchased the COCKPIT
MM
with a MULTIPLEX The Brick/EinStein,
first plug the receiver crystal into the socket; the
crystal must be on the same channel as the transmit-
ter. MULTIPLEX receiver crystals are fitted with Re-
ceiver crystal sleeve and are printed with the code
letter „E“ in front of the channel number. As already
mentioned, it is important to ensure that the receiver
crystal is correct for the frequency band on which the receiver operates.
As with the transmitter, you can tell the frequency band of any MULTIPLEX receiver
by the colour of the aerial:
orange = 35 MHz band
green = 40 MHz band
red = 72 MHz band
The transmitter and receiver must be on the same frequency band!
Receiver crystal
Channel 70
12
Now connect the charged receiver battery to The Brick/EinStein (or a conventional
receiver - see next page). The transmitter aerial is stored in the bottom of the case;
remove it and screw it into the socket on the front of the transmitter. You are now
ready to switch on the transmitter and The Brick/EinStein.
Always keep to this sequence when switching on and off !
>> First switch on the transmitter, then the receiver
(or The Brick/EinStein)
>> First switch off the receiver, then the transmitter !
What should you see on the transmitter?
• During power ON a short trill (quaver) is audible.
• The LED (red) is on for approx. 3 sec. and flashes afterwards every 3 sec.
• The screen will display the type and number of the
active model memory and the voltage of the transmit-
ter battery. In the example on the right model memory
1 is active, and it is set to the Universal (UNI) type. The
battery voltage is 7.8 V in the sample display.
What is supposed to happen
at the receiver?
Assuming that the transmitter is set
to stick mode 1, moving the left-
hand stick to the right, or pulling it
back towards you, should cause the
servos in the EinStein to move in the
directions shown in the drawing.
Note that this might not apply if you
have already re-programmed the
transmitter.
If you have purchased a conventional receiving system instead of
The Brick/EinStein,
you must first connect a charged
receiver battery to the receiver via a
switch harness, then fit a receiver
crystal and connect two servos to the
receiver outputs 2 and 3.
Assuming that the transmitter is still
set to stick mode 1, moving the left-
hand stick to the right, or pulling it
back towards you, should again
cause the servos to rotate in the di-
rections as shown in the drawing.
stick movement
RUDDER stick:
right
ELEVATOR stick:
back
up-elevator = climb
Servo movement
(e.g. EinStein)
13
5. The operating philosophy
5.1. Introduction
In the development of the COCKPIT
MM
we gave priority to useful, practical adjustment
facilities and mixer functions in conjunction with a simple, easily understood
method of programming which could be implemented quickly. The two elements
which form the basis of programming the COCKPIT
MM
are the 3D digital adjustor and
the LCD screen, which clearly and unambiguously shows the settings you have
selected.
All programming is based on ready-made menus. This is the simplest method of
programming, and is quick and easy to learn. Just select the menu you wish to use,
and then activate and adjust the settings. To do this all you need to use is the 3D
digi-adjustor: rotate it to leaf through menus, view settings and select values; press
it to change levels and switch from line 1 to 2 and back again.
The COCKPIT
MM
offers a wide range of settings, and as this could be confusing they
have been assigned to two separate model types:
• UNIversal model type (U)
• HELIcopter model type (H)
The first step is always to define the type of model you wish to control, i.e. to select
the appropriate model type, as this makes available the settings appropriate to that
model, and suppresses irrelevant functions. This guarantees a high level of clarity in
the programming procedure. The settings are assigned to six different menus, again
with the purpose of keeping the process simple and easy to understand.
The table below represents a summary of these programming instructions in the
form of a flow chart covering the menu structure, together with a short-hand indi-
cation of how to operate the 3D digi-adjustor to move through the menus.
Keep this flow chart to
hand at all times when
you are programming
your COCKPIT
MM
for the
first time. You will find it
a useful guide and re-
minder, and you will
soon find that you intui-
tively know how to
manipulate the 3D digi-
adjustor to get the
results you want.
14
5.2. Screen and 3D digi-adjustor
The LCD screen consists of two lines, each capable of displaying 6 letters, numbers
or symbols, and it forms the basic means of showing the menus and settings cur-
rently in use.
When you first switch on the transmitter you will see operating screen 1:
The first line always helps to orientate you, i.e. it tells you where you are currently
located within the menu structure of the program. Assuming that you are at the
parameter level (see flow chart), the bottom line is where the actual programming
is carried out: changing settings, activating mixers etc.
5.3. Example: selecting your language
Here is a brief example intended to illustrate how the 3D digi-adjustor is used, and
what can be seen on the screen:
The Cockpit MM features a language select function, i.e. you can switch those texts
which are not internationally comprehensible from the default German to English.
In this example we will use this facility. Keep the flow chart to hand for this. As you
will see from the chart, you select your chosen language as follows:
Procedure
Effect Display
1.
Switch
transmitter on
The operating screen appears.
You are at the Info level.
2.
Rotate the 3D digi-
adjustor 1 step anti-
clockwise
1 x
„„MENU“ appears on the screen
3.
Press the 3D digi-
adjustor once
1 x
„INFO“ appears. You are now at
the menu level.
4.
Rotate 3D digi-
adjustor 6 steps
clockwise
6 x
x You leaf through the
menu level until the „SETUP“
menu appears.
INFO screen 1
line 1
line 2
model type (e.g. UNI)
Operating voltage (e.g. 7.8 V)
model memory No. (e.g No. 1)
Cursor
Trim display (4x)
(all 4 neutral)
15
5.
Press the 3D digi-
adjustor once
1 x
You reach the settings of the
SETUP menu.
6.
Rotate the 3D digi-
adjustor 5 times
clockwise
5 x
You reach the language select
setting „TEXT“.
At this point we ought to mention how the cursor 44 works:
As soon as you have selected a setting at the parameter level, you can switch from
the first line (orientation line) to the second line (setting line) by pressing the 3D
digi-adjustor once. Once the cursor is in the second line you can adjust the setting
by rotating the digi-adjustor. The cursor moves from the first to the second line to
confirm that you have moved to that part of the program.
7.
Press the 3D digi-
adjustor once
1 x
The cursor jumps to the second
line. „DEU“ means that the active
language is German (deutsch)
8.
Rotate the 3D digi-
adjustor1 step
clockwise
1 x
„EN“ appears. The language is
now switched to English
9.
Press the 3D digi-
adjustor once
1 x
The cursor moves back to the
first line.
10.
Rotate the 3D digi-
adjustor 6 steps
anti-clockwise
6 x
„EXIT“ appears
11.
Press the 3D digi-
adjustor once
1 x
„SETUP“ appears. You are re-
turned to the Menu level.
12.
Rotate the 3D digi-
adjustor 6 steps
anti-clockwise
6 x
„INFO“ appears.
13.
Press the 3D digi-
adjustor once
1 x
You are returned to the starting
point: operating screen 1.
This completes the example, and you have now selected your chosen language. All
other settings are selected and changed using the same general principle. If you
already have experience in modelling and are familiar with the type of program-
ming we are dealing with here, you will now be able to set up your first model with
the help of the flow chart.
16
5.4. Digital trims and trim value memory
The purpose of the trims on a radio control transmitter is to adjust the neutral posi-
tion of the controls to ensure that, for example, the model flies in a perfectly
straight line without requiring any help from the pilot.
5.4.1. Digital trims
The COCKPIT
MM
is the first MULTIPLEX transmitter to feature digital trims. This means
that the trims no longer take the form of a slider or lever, but a rocker switch. The
trims are adjusted by pushing the trim rocker in the appropriate direction. Every
time you push the rocker, the trim (neutral position) is altered by one increment, or
step. A beep confirms each step. In the case of the COCKPIT
MM
one trim step equals a
change in the neutral position by 2% of the servo travel (100% per side). The trim
settings are always shown on the screen in the form of four bars on the sides and
bottom of the screen.
Contr.
C
Contr.
A
Contr.
B
Contr.
D
17
5.4.2. Trim display
The trim settings are shown on the screen in the form of bars:
Trim neutral
1 trim step to the right
4 trim steps to the right
Full trim movement to the right (11 steps)
If you move the trim to maximum trim travel you will hear a beep as a warning,
which differs from the trim step beeps. You will hear a trill to confirm that the trim is
at centre (neutral). (Try it to hear the different sounds!)
5.4.3. Trim memory
A crucial advantage of modern micro-computer radio control systems lies in the fact
that the transmitter can store the optimised trim settings for each model. The ad-
vantage of this facility is that you can be confident that the same trims are set when
you select a particular model memory as when you last used that model. The model
therefore behaves exactly as it did last time out, and you won’t have any nasty sur-
prises. The COCKPIT
MM
features a trim memory, and you, as user, don’t need to con-
cern yourself with it at all. When you switch the transmitter off, the current trim
values are automatically stored. When you switch on again, select the appropriate
model memory (if you have changed models), and you can fly again immediately,
with the trims correctly set automatically.
5.4.4. Trim type (centre trim)
All four trims work on the centre trim principle (exception: see 8.2.3.: throttle trim
type). That means that the end-points of the servo’s travel are unchanged even if
you alter the trim setting, and the same applies if you adjust the servo centre in the
SERVO menu. In contrast to standard trims, you can always exploit the full servo
travel to both sides.
Servo
travel
Control travel
-100%
+100%
+100%
0%
0%
untrimmed
trimmed
Trim +22 %
Trim -22 %
18
6. Model memories
An important element of any modern radio control system is the model memory,
and the COCKPIT
MM
features 9 of them. Model memories provide a means of storing
all the settings and trim values for each model separately. The advantages of model
memories is illustrated in the following brief example:
Suppose you acquire a second model aircraft after flying your first model for some
time. By this time you have optimised all the settings for the first model. If the
COCKPIT
MM
had no model memories, you would inevitably lose all those hard-won
settings (e.g. control mode, servo travels, centres, directions and pulse formats,
mixer settings, trim settings etc.) for the first model when you programmed the
transmitter for the new model.
With model memories you simply switch to a vacant memory spot before you start
programming the new model. The settings for the new model are then stored in the
new location. If you wish to use your first model again, you simply switch back to
the first model memory.
Operating screen 1 always tells you which model memory is currently selected and
active:
The right-hand number in the first line
indicates the number of the active model
memory (example here: model memory
1). At the left of the first line you can see
the model type for the current memory
spot (example here: model type UNI =
Universal).
You can avoid possible confusion between models and memory numbers by writ-
ing the memory number on each model, or by attaching a memory table to the
back of the transmitter (see decal set supplied).
6.1. Switching model memories
This is how you switch model memories:
Procedure Display
1.
In the MODEL menu select the MODEL setting and
switch to the second line.
2.
Your choice of model memory can now be se-
lected (e.g. model memory 2).
3.
Return to the first line.
Continue as shown in the flow chart.
When you switch back to the first line you will hear a beep to confirm that you have
changed to a new model memory. At the same time the trim displays change to the
appropriate trim settings.
Operating. screen 1
Model type
Model memory no.
19
6.2. Copying model memories
The second setting in the MODEL menu is the copy function (COPY). This feature
allows you to produce a duplicate of the contents of one model memory, which is
then stored in a new memory spot.
Note: any existing data in the memory into which you place the copy will be over-
written!
Application
Suppose you acquire a new model which is similar to an existing one.
The quick way to program the transmitter is make a copy of the existing model and
then make minor adjustments, and this is quick and easy to do.
Or perhaps you would like to try an experimental change to an existing model.
Make a copy of the existing model data and use the new copy for the experiment.
The original is left unchanged, so you can revert to that if you prefer the original
settings.
This is how you make a copy:
Procedure Display
1.
Switch to the memory which is to be copied
(e.g. No. 5).
See 6.1
2.
In the MODEL menu select the COPY setting and
switch to the second line.
3.
You can now select the target for the copy,
e.g. model memory 6.
4.
Return to the first line.
Continue as shown in the flow chart.
Note: When the copy is finished the transmitter uses the copy,
i.e. the model memory you selected for target!
7. General settings
The following settings are globally effective, i.e. the settings affect all model memo-
ries, regardless of the memory you happen to be in when you make the changes.
7.1. Selecting the language
The COCKPIT
MM
features a language switch function. You can set those screen texts
which are not internationally comprehensible to German or English; those two lan-
guages are the only options.
The procedure for selecting your choice of language has already been described in
detail in Chapter 5.3 as the initial example of programming.
20
7.2. Battery alarm threshold
The COCKPIT
MM
features a battery alarm and a voltage display. You can read the bat-
tery voltage in the display, if you are in the INFO menu level (see menu overview,
displays “INFO1” or “INFO2”).
When the battery monitor detects that the voltage of the transmitter battery has
fallen below the alarm threshold, a quadruple beep sounds as a warning. The sec-
ond warning level is indicated by a continuous beep.
You can vary this safe threshold level within the range 6.8 to 7.2 V (default = 7.0 V).
The 6.8 V setting gives the longest operating time per battery charge.
Caution: if the warning beep sounds, cease operations as quickly as
possible and recharge the transmitter battery!
This is how you alter the warning threshold:
Procedure Display
1.
In the SETUP menu select the BATTW setting and
switch to the second line.
2.
You can now set your preferred warning threshold,
e.g. 6.8 V.
3.
Return to the first line.
Continue as shown in the flow chart.
7.3. Operating hours
The COCKPIT
MM
features an operating hours timer which is dis-
played in the bottom line of operating screen 3. The operat-
ing time can be reset to zero in the TIMER menu.
Possible applications
If you reset the timer to zero every time you charge the transmitter battery, for ex-
ample, you will have a constant reminder on screen of the remaining available op-
erating time. This represents a second method of keeping track of the remaining
operating time in addition to the voltage display.
If you do not reset the operating hours timer, the timer is cumulative and tells you
how long the transmitter has been in use over a long period.
This is how to reset the operating timer:
Procedure Display
1.
In the TIMER menu select the RES OP setting
2.
Reset the operating time
3.
Continue as shown in the flow chart
21
8. Setting up a new model
8.1. Preparing the model and receiving system
8.1.1. Preparing the model
For setting up a new model you will need the completely built model, set up cor-
rectly, ready to use. Thus the first step in preparation is to install the receiving sys-
tem and the other essential components in your completely finished model.
Please read Chapter 12. „The system in use“.
8.1.2. Connecting the servos to the receiver
The servos must be connected to the receiver in the appropriate sequence, depend-
ing on the type of model you have built:
Model type Universal (UNI, U) Heli (Heli, H)
Receiver
output
Servo
with
DIFF-mix
with
V-tail-mix
with
DELTA-mix
Servo
1 Ailerons Aileron 1 Elevon 1 Roll axis
2 Elevator V-tail Pitch axis
3 Rudder V-tail Tail rot. (yaw)
4 Throttle Collect. Pitch
5 Control (E) Aileron 2 Elevon 2 Throttle
6 Contr. (F) / Spoiler Control (E)
7 Control (G) Control (G)
Note:
Controls (E), (F) and (G) are optional, and may be controlled by switches, rotary
knobs or sliders which are not fitted as standard. See 4.1.5. COCKPIT
MM
expansion
facilities.
8.2. Preparing the model memory
The procedure described in the next section must be carried out before you do any
programming relating to the new model. The first step is to switch to a vacant
memory spot, or one which you no longer need (see 6.1. Switching model memo-
ries).
8.2.1. Selecting the model type / Erasing the model memory
Here the model type can be selected to enable access to the corresponding mixers:
Model type for:
-- leave the present type unchanged
U (Universal = UNI) Aircraft, vehicles, boats
H (Helicopter = HELI) Helicopters
22
This is how you select the model type:
Procedure Display
1.
Select the MODEL TYP setting in the SETUP menu
and switch to the second line.
2.
You can now select the model type
e.g. H (for HELI)
3.
Return to the first line.
Continue as shown in the flow chart.
Note: Erase model memory (RESET)
If you change the model type in a model memory which contains the data for an
existing model, the result is a RESET of that memory, i.e. all the settings are reset to
the factory default values (servo travel 100%, centre 0%, format UNI normal, all
mixers OFF or 0%, Dual Rate 60/100%, EXPO 0%). You should always do this delib-
erately before you start entering the settings for a new model. If you accidentally
reach the second line of the Model Type menu point, but don’t wish to change the
current model type and its settings, you must select „--“ before you return to the
first line.
8.2.2. Selecting the transmitter configuration (stick mode)
The term „stick mode“ is used by model flyers to indicate the correlation between
the transmitter controls and the corresponding functions in the model. The trans-
mitter requires this information internally in order to process the signals correctly. If
you do not yet know which stick mode is ideal for your purposes, the best solution
is to ask amongst those local modellers who might be able to help you, or request
advice from your fellow flying club members.
The various stick modes are summarised in the table below:
L.H. stick controls: R.H. stick controls: Control F controls:
⇒⇒ Mode
Elevator Rudder Throttle Aileron Spoiler 1
Throttle Rudder Elevator Aileron Spoiler 2
Elevator Aileron Throttle Rudder Spoiler 3
Throttle Aileron Elevator Rudder Spoiler 4
Elevator Rudder Spoiler Aileron Throttle 5
Spoiler Rudder Elevator Aileron Throttle 6
Elevator Aileron Spoiler Rudder Throttle 7
Spoler Aileron Elevator Rudder Throttle 8
TIP:
It is possible to change the stick mode within a model memory without erasing or
changing the other settings. This makes it possible for a friend to control one of
your models even if he or she is used to a different stick mode.
23
This is how you select the stick mode:
Procedure Display
1.
Select the MODE setting in the SETUP menu and
switch to the second line
2.
Select the stick mode e.g. MODE 3
3.
Return to the first line.
Continue as shown in the flow chart.
8.2.3. The Throttle/Collective Pitch trim of the COCKPIT
MM
All settings are to be done in the menu item LEERL/IDLE (menu SETUP) gemacht.
For the model type UNI the following selections exist:
IT_ Idle position of the throttle stick and throttle trim: back
IT` Idle position of the throttle stick and throttle trim: forward
CT- Center trim (e.g. if the stick is not used for throttle)
For the model type HELI only two selections exist:
IT_ Collective pitch minimum back, collective pitch trim active
LT` Collective pitch minimum forward, collective pitch trim active
The collective pitch trim affects collective pitch, throttle and the tail rotor!
Exception: mode 5 to 8 in models of the UNI type:
The controls for SPOILER and THROTTLE are exchanged. The trim next to the
SPOILER stick is now used for THROTTLE trim. The spoiler itself can not be trimmed.
Idle trim in practice:
Supposed the throttle stick can make the carburettor opening “fully open” and
“closed”, the motor will stop, whenever the stick is in idle position. Idle trim enables
you to set a trim value, which keeps the motor running “smoothly”.
This is how you select the type of throttle trim:
Procedure
Display
GB: D:
1.
Select the IDLE (or LEERL) setting in the SETUP
menu and switch to the second line
IDLE LEERL
IT_ LT_
2.
You can now select the type of throttle trim e.g.
idle forward
IDLE LEERL
IT` LT`
3.
Return to the first line
Continue as shown in the flow chart
24
8.3. Adjusting servos (direction of rotation, pulse format, centre and travels)
The model’s receiving system must be switched on when you make these adjust-
ments. When you do this the control surfaces and other controlled functions will
move to pre-defined settings.
Caution with electric-powered models. The motor could burst into life!
If you have a fixed-wing model aircraft with two aileron servos, you should first set
the DIFF mixer to 1% (see 8.5.1.).
8.3.1. Selecting the direction of rotation and servo signal format
The COCKPIT
MM
allows you to set the servos’ direction of rotation and signal format
for all seven channels individually.
The direction of rotation must be reversed if a movement of the transmitter stick
causes the associated servo to move in the wrong direction. Movements of the
transmitter controls must have the following effect on the servos (i.e. control sur-
faces) in the model:
Direction of rotation and pulse format for the servos are set together in one single
menu. Possible options are:
Option Signal Direction of rotation
UNUN
UNI format (1.5 ms) Normal (default setting)
URUR
UNI format (1.5 ms) Reverse
MNMN
MULTIPLEX format (1.6 ms) Normal
MRMR
MULTIPLEX format (1.6 ms) Reverse
Note: All MULTIPLEX servos fitted with standard MPX connectors employ the
MULTIPLEX signal format. If the signal format does not match the servo, the centre
position and end-points of the transmitter and servo will not coincide.
Note:
It is not good practice to reset the servo centre or end-points from their default
settings by more than a small amount. It is always better to adjust the mechanical
system first. This is done by adjusting the pushrod length, changing the length of
the servo output arm or horn, altering the position of the servo output arm on the
output shaft as accurately as possible. Optimising the mechanical arrangement in
this way reduces linearity errors and minimises control surface slop, and the power
of the servo can be exploited to the full.
Control AILERON: to the right Contr. RUDDER: to the right
Contr. ELEVATOR: up (pull)
25
Procedure
Display
1.
Select the SERVO1 (e.g. for servo 1) setting in the
SERVO menu and switch to the second line
2.
Set the direction of rotation and signal format e.g.
MPX, reversed
3.
Return to the first line.
Continue as shown in the flow chart.
8.3.2. Adjusting the servo centre and end-points
You can adjust the centre position and end-points (both directions separately) for
all seven channels individually.
The purpose of adjusting the centre point is to ensure that the control surface is at
centre when the transmitter control and its associated trim are at neutral. The end-
point adjustments can be used to adjust the control surface travels in both direc-
tions to the exact values recommended by the model manufacturer.
You select the value which is to be adjusted by moving the associated stick in the
direction you wish to alter; a symbol then appears on the screen as follows:
Symbol Meaning
Servo end-point for transmitter control, right or forward
Servo centre
Servo end-point for transmitter control, left or back
This is how you set centre and end points (travel) for the servos:
Procedure Display
1.
Select the SERVO1 setting (e.g. for servo 1) in the
SERVO menu and switch to the second line
2.
Move the associated transmitter control to centre
3.
The centre point can now be adjusted e.g. -6%
Adjusting the servo end-points:
4.
Move the associated transmitter control to one of
the end-points and hold it there
or
5.
The selected end-point can now be adjusted,
e.g. 96%
To adjust the other servo end-point first move the transmitter control to the oppo-
site extreme and repeat steps 4. - 5.
6.
Return to the first line
Continue as shown in the flow chart
26
8.4. Adjusting the transmitter controls
8.4.1. Dual-Rates
The Dual Rates facility alters the effect of a transmitter control for two directions of
operation when the Dual Rate switch is operated. The COCKPIT
MM
features Dual Rates
on three channels (aileron, elevator, rudder, or roll, pitch-axis and yaw in a helicop-
ter). The switchable reduced travel can be set to any value in the range 100 - 0%,
separately and independently for each channel. The default for all three transmitter
controls is 60%. The Dual Rates switch affects all three controls, i.e. all three func-
tions are switched simultaneously.
! If you don’t want to use Dual Rate, but have the switch installed, it is good prac-
tice to set both values to 100%. So nothing happens if the switch is moved inadver-
tently.
Dual Rate value rudder Travel of rudder control on TX Rudder movement
100 % Full travel e.g. 2 cm
e.g. 50 % Full travel 1 cm
In this example the Dual Rates switch alters the travels from 100% to 50% and back.
Full movement of the rudder stick then produces a rudder movement of 2 cm or 1
cm depending on the switch position. This means that you can easily adjust the
rudder response at any time to suit the way the model is flying:
e.g. small travels for high-speed flying, large travels for slow flying.
Preparation:
• Connect a 2-position switch to socket S2 to control Dual Rates
(see 4.1.6. COCKPIT
MM
expansion facilities)
This is how you set Dual-Rate:
Procedure Display
1.
Select the DRATE QR setting in the DRATE menu
(e.g. for aileron) and switch to the second line
2.
Move the Dual Rates switch to the position you
wish to correspond to „full travel“
3.
Set the Dual Rates value for the „full travel“ setting
to a large value, e.g. 100%
4.
Move the Dual Rates switch to the other position,
corresponding to „reduced travel“
5.
Set the Dual Rates value for the „reduced travel“
setting to a smaller value, e.g. 75%
6.
Return to the first line
Continue as shown in the flow chart
Repeat steps 1 - 6 as necessary for the two other transmitter controls.
27
TIP: Using Dual Rates to harmonise the control response when using the V-tail or
DELTA mixer
You can use the DUAL RATES facility to adjust the two inputs of a V-tail (rudder and
elevator) or DELTA mixer (aileron and elevator). When used in this way a physical
Dual Rates switch is not required.
Example
The elevator response of your V-tailed model may be too powerful, but its rudder
response is normal.
Solution: reduce the elevator travel with the Dual Rates elevator setting (DRATE HR).
8.4.2. Exponential (EXPO)
Exponential (EXPO) is used to provide finer control around the centre position of
the transmitter stick, i.e. stick movements up to about 50% of full travel produce
relatively slight servo movements, depending on the set EXPO value. However,
servo movement increases towards the stick end-points, and full servo travel is still
available at the extreme. EXPO is often used to „tame“ models which are otherwise
too sensitive to the controls for normal
flying.
EXPO can be set up to apply to the
three primary functions aileron, eleva-
tor and rudder, or roll, pitch-axis and
yaw in a helicopter. The default EXPO
value is 0%. The EXPO value can be set
separately for all three control func-
tions within the range 0 - 100%, but,
unlike Dual Rates, EXPO cannot be
turned off by a physical switch.
!!
EXPO is not switchable!
This is how you set EXPO:
Procedure Display
1.
Select the EXPO Q setting in the DRATE menu (e.g.
for aileron) and switch to the second line
2.
Now select the EXPO value, e.g. 50%
3.
Return to the first line
Continue as shown in the flow chart
Repeat steps 1 - 3 as necessary for the other two transmitter controls.
!!
Note for EXPO values:
If you set EXPO to a large value, the exponential increase in servo travel is very great
once it has reached a certain deflection. The result can be such a drastic change in
the model’s behaviour that it is difficult to control at all. For practical flying a sensi-
ble range of EXPO values with the Cockpit system is 40 – 60%.
Servo
travel
Control travel
-
100%
+100%
+100
%
0%
0%
linear
(EXPO = 0 %)
exponential
The principle of Expo
28
8.5. Mixers for fixed-wing model aircraft
The following sub-menus appear in the MIX menu only if you have selected the
Universal model type (UNI, U) in the SETUP menu (see 8.2.1. Sel. the model type).
8.5.1. Combi-Switch for coupled aileron and rudder
The combi-switch makes it easier to move up from rudder/elevator models to „full-
house“ control. This mixer couples ailerons and rudder, so that you only need to
operate one transmitter control in order to steer the model. Normally when this
mixer is active the aileron is the master control, and the rudder is the slave which
follows it automatically. However, for special cases the rudder can be set as the
master control. The letter in line 2 indicates which control is currently the master
(AI = QR = aileron, RD = SR = rudder).
The combi-switch mixer can be turned on and off by means of a switch.
Preparation:
• Connect a 2-position switch to socket S3 to control the combi-switch mixer.
(see 4.1.6. COCKPIT
MM
expansion facilities)
This is how you set the Combi-Switch:
Procedure
Display
GB: D:
1.
Select the COMBI setting in the MIX menu
and switch to the second line
COMBI COMBI
RD SR
2.
Set the mixer e.g. rudder = master,
following rate = 25%
COMBI COMBI
RD 25% SR 25%
3.
Return to the first line
Continue as shown in the flow chart
Note:
If you set a positive value, the rudder control becomes master. Setting a negative
value causes the aileron control to assume the master function.
A following rate of 50% produces full travel of the slave function. This takes into
account the fact that more rudder than aileron is normally required when flying
with the combi-switch active.
8.5.2. V-TAIL for models with a V-tail
This mixer provides the means to control a V-tailed model without having to resort
to a complex mechanical mixer.
Preparation:
• Connect the two V-tail servos to channels 2 and 3
Option
GB: D:
Effect
OFF AUS V-tail mixer disabled
ON AM V-tail mixer active
ON- AN- V-tail mixer active, ELEVATOR input reversed
29
This is how you activate the V-tail mixer:
Procedure
Display
GB: D:
1.
Select the V-MIX setting in the MIX menu and
switch to the second line
V-MIX VMIX
OFF AUS
2.
Activate the V-tail mixer
V-MIX V-MIX
ON AN
3.
Return to the first line
Continue as shown in the flow chart
This is how you adjust the V-MIX mixer:
1. Activate V-MIX (see step 2. above)
2. In the SERVO menu set the correct
direction of travel for rudder only as
shown (see 8.3.1. Selecting the direction
of rotation and servo signal format).
3. If you find that elevator is now reversed,
select „ON-“ in the V-MIX menu point.
4. Adjust the mixer inputs for elevator and rudder using Dual Rates
(see 8.2.4. Dual Rates).
Note:
When setting the servo end-points ensure that the travel of both control surfaces is
identical (see 8.3.2. Adjusting the servo centre and end-points).
8.5.3. DELTA mixer for flying wings and deltas
This mixer is designed for deltas and flying wing model aircraft which are controlled
by two wing-mounted control surfaces which provide superimposed elevator and
aileron control. In model flying circles this type of control surface is known as an
elevon. The word elevon is a combination of elevator and aileron. The DELTA mixer
eliminates the need for a mechanical mixer.
Preparation:
• Connect the two elevon servos to channels 1 and 5
Option
GB: D:
Effect
OFF AUS
DELTA mixer disabled
ON AM
DELTA mixer active
ON- AN-
DELTA mixer active, ELEVATOR input reversed
30
This is how you activate the DELTA mixer:
Procedure
Display
GB: D:
1.
Select the DELTA setting in the MIX menu and
switch to the second line
DELTA DELTA
OFF AUS
2.
Activate the DELTA
(example: elevator reversed)
DELTA DELTA
ON AN
3.
Return to the first line
Continue as shown in the flow chart
This is how you adjust the DELTA mixer:
1. Switch the DELTA mixer on (ON))
2. In the SERVO menu set the correct direction of travel for aileron only (see 8.3.1.
Selecting the direction of rotation and servo signal format).
3. If you find that elevator is now reversed, select „ON-“ in the DELTA menu point.
4. Adjust the mixer ratio for elevator and aileron using Dual Rates.
(see 8.2.4. Dual Rates).
Note:
When setting the servo end-points ensure that the travel of both elevons is identical
(see 8.3.2. Adjusting the servo centre and end-points).
8.5.4. Aileron differential for models with two aileron servos
!!
This mixer is primarily required in order to provide the aileron control signal for
two aileron servos
(servos 1 and 5). This basic requirement is met simply by setting
a differential value of at least 1%. If you set the value to 0%, the aileron signal is
output to Servo 1 only!
Within the same mixer you can set differential aileron travel to reduce the travel of
the down-going aileron. The purpose of this is to correct the negative roll moment
(adverse yaw) which can occur with high aspect ratio wings, and which tends to
yaw the model in the opposite direction to the desired turn.
Aileron differential can be set to any value in the range 1% to 100% (100% = no
down-travel = „split“ ailerons). If the plan for your model does not state the recom-
mended aileron differential, a good starting point is about 50% (full up travel, half
down travel). The optimum differential setting can only be found by practical flight
testing.
Note:
If you set differential travel, but find that the up aileron movement is reduced in-
stead of the down travel, change the set value to a negative one.
For example: 50% differential means that the aileron travel in one direction is only
half as great as the travel in the other direction. Naturally this only applies if the
aileron travels are identical in both directions when differential is switched off (see
8.3.2. Adjusting servo centre and end-points).
31
Preparation:
• Connect the aileron servos to channels 1 and 5.
This is how you set aileron differential:
Procedure Display GB:
1.
Select the DIFF setting in the MIX menu and switch
to the second line
AI
2.
Set the aileron differential e.g. 50%
AI
3.
Return to the first line
Continue as shown in the flow chart
8.5.5. Flaperon mixer for trimming the wing section
The term flaperon is a combination of flap (camber-changing flap) and aileron. The
flaperon mixer allows you to deflect both ailerons in one direction simultaneously
so that they function as camber-changing flaps, i.e. both ailerons move down or up.
This function requires a separate servo for each aileron. A typical application for
flaperons is a glider, in which the wing section can be trimmed for speed flying
(both ailerons up) or thermalling (both ailerons down). If your model’s instructions
do not state recommended flaperon deflections, a mixer value of around 10% is a
good starting point. The optimum settings can only be found by practical flight
testing.
Preparation:
• Connect the aileron servos to channels 1 and 5.
• Connect a slider, rotary knob or 3-position switch to socket E
(see 4.1.6. COCKPIT
MM
expansion facilities))
!!
See also the notes on the following page!
This is how you set the flaperon mixer:
Procedure Display
1.
Select the FLPRN setting in the MIX menu and
switch to the second line
2.
Set the mixer value e.g. 10%
3.
Return to the first line
Continue as shown in the flow chart
32
!
Notes:
If you wish to reverse the direction of flaperon travel, set a negative value
(e.g. -10% ⇒ +10%).
Deploying the flaperons may produce a change in pitch trim. You can correct this
automatically with the FLP-CO mixer (see 8.5.7. Elevator compensation).
Caution: deploying flaperons at high speed:
For high-speed flying always set the ailerons up (speed setting) or
leave them at neutral. Never set the ailerons down (thermal setting)
for high-speed flying. This places severe loads on the airframe,
and structural failure can easily occur.
8.5.6. Spoileron mixer: using ailerons as a landing aid
The term spoileron is a combination of spoiler (landing aid) and aileron. The
spoileron mixer acts as an aid to landing (glide path control) in a similar way to
dedicated airbrakes or landing flaps. It usually operates by deflecting both ailerons
up, although in some cases (power models) they may be deflected down.
In order to maintain adequate aileron response any aileron differential you have
set is automatically suppressed when the spoilerons are deflected.
Preparation:
• Connect the aileron servos to channels 1 and 5
• Mode 1 - 4: connect a slider, rotary control or 3-position switch to socket F to
control the spoilerons (see 4.1.6. Expansion facilities). In Mode 5 - 8 the
spoilerons are operated by the SPOILER stick.
Option
GB: D:
Effect
OFF AUS
Spoilerons disabled
ON AM
Spoilerons active
ON- AN-
Spoilerons active, base setting changed
This is how you activate the spoileron mixer:
Procedure Display GB:
1.
Select the SPLRN setting in the MIX menu and
switch to the second line
OFF
2.
Activate the mixer (ON or ON-)
ON
3.
Return to the first line
Continue as shown in the flow chart
33
Notes:
If the ailerons deflect in the wrong direction after you have selected spoilerons,
swap over servos 1 and 5 at the receiver.
!!
The spoiler signal is still present at channel 6.
Deploying the spoilerons may produce a change in pitch trim. You can correct this
automatically with the SPL-CO mixer (see 8.5.7. Elevator compensation).
8.5.7. Elevator compensation for throttle, flaps and spoilers
The COCKPIT
MM
offers three automatic elevator correction mixers which automatically
compensate for pitch trim changes caused by power systems, landing aids etc.
These mixers make it much easier to control the model, as you no longer need to
use the elevator stick to correct the pitch trim changes when they occur.
Elevator compensation Input signal Signal source
Power compensation PWR-CO Throttle control
in mode 1 - 4: stick B or D
in mode 5 - 8: control F
Flap compensation FLP-CO Flap control always control E
Spoiler compensation SPL-CO Spoiler control
in mode 1 - 4: control F
in mode 5 - 8: stick B or D
This is how you activate the elevator compensation mixers (Example: PWR-CO):
Procedure Display
1.
Select the PWR-CO setting in the MIX menu and
switch to the second line
2.
Set the required elevator compensation, e.g. -10%
3.
Return to the first line
Continue as shown in the flow chart
The FLP-CO and SPL-CO mixers are set up in the same way.
If you set elevator trim compensation and the result is an elevator movement in the
opposite direction to the one you require, set the value to a negative figure (e.g. -
10% produces deflection in unwanted direction > +10% = correct deflection).
Note:
If the operating instructions for your model do not state figures for elevator pitch
trim compensation, we recommend that you ask an experienced pilot to test-fly
your new model. He will be able to tell you the amount and direction of compensa-
tion required.
34
8.6. Helicopter mixers
8.6.1. Introduction
Safety note
Radio-controlled model helicopters are complex flying machines which are not easy
to control in the air. Operating a model helicopter without due care and skill, and
without a responsible attitude, represents a high-risk activity.
If you are a beginner we recommend the following:
• Ask for help from an experienced model pilot, club or model flying school;
• Ask for advice and help from your local model shop;
• Read as much as possible on the subject before attempting to fly.
Note:
The COCKPIT
MM
is designed for helicopters fitted with a rotor head with a mechanical
collective pitch mixer.
Summary of the COCKPIT
MM
’s helicopter facilities:
• Collective pitch - throttle mixer
When a helicopter climbs (increase in blade pitch angle = collective pitch in-
crease) the throttle setting must also be increased in order to maintain a con-
stant system rotational speed. This mixer is automatically activated when you
select the Heli model type (H).
• Idle up
Pre-set minimum rotational speed controlled by a slider (control E).
• Static tail rotor compensation
one mixer input for climb and descent.
• Tail rotor offset
Two tail rotor neutral points for normal flight and auto-rotation.
• Collective pitch trim
The hover point can be adjusted to suit the prevailing conditions by moving the
collective pitch trim. Throttle and static tail rotor compensation are changed
automatically in accordance with the trim value.
• Auto-rotation switch
Separates throttle from collective pitch (collective pitch - throttle mixer). A fixed
value can be set for throttle (motor idle for auto-rotation practice). At the same
time a different neutral position is assigned to the tail rotor (see tail rotor offset
above), and static tail rotor compensation is switched off. You retain full control
of the tail rotor.
35
8.6.2. Preparations
a.) Preparing the transmitter:
Select model type HELI (H):
The special settings for helicopters appear in the MIX menu only if in the SETUP
menu the model type HELI (H) is selected (see 8.2.1.). In the model type HELI the
throttle servo is automatically controlled by the collective pitch stick (collective
pitch → throttle mixing)
Installation of the required switches and controls:
Under 4.1.6. we mentioned already the necessity of additional control elements for
helicopters.
• slider (# 7 5720) for idle-up as control E
• 2-pos. switch (# 7 5742) for auto-rotation select
• 3-pos. switch (# 7 5740 or # 7 5707 E/A/T) for the timer and MOTOR OFF
• optional rotary adjustor (# 7 5719) for setting gyro gain (sensitivity)
More on the installation: see 4.1.6.
Select the stick position for collective pitch minimum (idle trim):
Select „IT_“ („LT_“) in the menu item IDLE (LEERL), if the stick position for collec-
tive pitch minimum shall be back. For forward position select „IT`“ („LT`“). See
also 8.2.3.
b.) Preparing the model:
Before you start making adjustments at the transmitter it is very important that you
set up and adjust the model carefully, so that the mechanical settings are as nearly
perfect as possible. The more accurately you carry out the mechanical adjustments,
the more precisely will the helicopter respond to your commands.
Important:
Before you start making adjustments, be sure to erase the selected model memory
(see 8.2.1).
The sticks and trims must be set to centre.
The servo centres must be set to 0% (see 8.3.2), and the servo format must be cor-
rect for your servos (see 8.3.1).
• The output arms on the primary servos (roll-axis, pitch-axis, yaw-axis) must be
adjusted so that the output arms are at right-angles to the pushrods attached
to them when the servos are at neutral.
• Set the pushrod lengths as described in the instructions supplied with the
helicopter
• When the transmitter sticks are at neutral, the swashplate should be exactly
horizontal.
• The main rotor blades and the tail rotor blades must be set at the pitch angles
stated in the helicopter instructions, i.e. corresponding to the hover setting
when the collective pitch stick is at centre.
36
• Set maximum and minimum collective pitch on the main rotor as described in
the helicopter instructions.
• It is important to set up the throttle servo linkage in such a way that the motor
can be set to full throttle with the idle-up slider, and can also be stopped
completely without the throttle servo being stalled (mechanical obstruction)
at either end-point. This is done by selecting the correct pushrod length and
using the correct linkage hole on the servo output arm.
TIP for setting up the main and tail rotors for hovering:
If the helicopter instructions do not state collective pitch values, a good starting
point for the main rotor is a collective pitch of around 5° for the
hover.
The tail rotor can also be set up approximately as follows (see
drawing alongside):
• Swivel both tail rotor blades so that they point vertically
upwards
• The distance between the two tail rotor blade tips should be
about 10 - 15 mm. Adjust the length of the tail rotor pushrod
until this is the case.
With the pitch angle set correctly, the tail rotor will counteract the
torque of the motor at the hover. You will need to carry out a se-
ries of practical flight tests to find the optimum setting. The aim is
to prevent the model’s tail swinging round when the model is in a stable hover.
8.6.3. Static tail rotor compensation
The basic setting of the tail rotor required to counteract the torque of the main
rotor at the hover has already been established in Chapter 8.6.2. If you cause the
helicopter to climb or descend from the hover (by changing the collective pitch
setting), main rotor torque also rises and falls. The helicopter then tends to rotate
around the vertical axis, since tail rotor compensation is no longer correct. When
adjusted correctly, static tail rotor compensation is designed to correct this un-
wanted rotation when the helicopter climbs or descends.
This is how you set static tail rotor compensation:
PROCEDURE
Display
GB: D:
1.
Select the TAIL PI setting in the MIX menu and
switch to the second line
T-ROT HECK
2.
Set the mixer value e.g. 20%
3.
Return to the first
Continue as shown in the flow chart
37
TIP: setting static tail rotor compensation
If the building instructions supplied with your helicopter do not
state recommended values for tail rotor compensation, a good
starting point for the mixer is as follows:
• Swivel both tail rotor blades so that they face vertically up-
wards, as described for the basic tail rotor setting (see 8.6.2).
• Move the collective pitch stick to max. collective pitch (climb).
• Set up the tail rotor compensation mixer TROT CP so that the
distance between the two blade tips is to around 30 mm.
The optimum setting can only be established by practical flight
testing (see 8.6.7).
8.6.4. Auto-rotation
The term auto-rotation refers to a non-powered landing by a helicopter, i.e. it is a
method of landing the model safely if the motor should cut in the air. The collective
pitch of the main rotor is set to a negative value, and the airflow through the rotor
keeps it spinning while the model descends rapidly. Sufficient energy is maintained
in the rotor for a safe flare just above the ground followed by a gentle landing -
provided that the pilot judges the approach correctly. This flight manoeuvre is diffi-
cult to get right, but very important, and the COCKPIT
MM
makes it as simple as possi-
ble to practise it. The transmitter can be fitted with an auto-rotation switch which
can be employed for practising auto-rotation landings as well as for genuine
„autos“ if the motor actually cuts in flight. Install a 2-position switch in the left-hand
outboard well, and connect it to socket S3. You can then use it to switch directly
from normal flight to auto-rotation.
What does the auto-rotation switch do?
The switch disables the collective pitch / throttle mixer, which is automatically acti-
vated when you select the Helicopter model type. For auto-rotation practice the
auto-rotation throttle setting (AROT GAS) can be set to any value in the range 0 to
75%.
This is how you set auto-rotation throttle:
Procedure
Display
GB: D:
1.
Select the AROT THrottle setting in the MIX menu
and switch to the second line
AROT AROT
TH GAS
2.
Set the auto-rotation throttle value e.g. 45%
3.
Return to the first line
Continue as shown in the flow chart
! See also the notes on the following page!
38
Notes:
For practising auto-rotation landings you should set the auto-rotation throttle to a
value which ensures that the motor runs at a safe idle, but is not driving the rotor,
i.e. the centrifugal clutch is reliably disengaged.
You can use the motor OFF switch (see 9.1) to cut the motor completely during the
auto-rotation, if you wish.
Since the rotor is no longer driven by the motor during the auto-rotation descent,
main rotor torque is reduced to nil, so the tail rotor no longer has to provide com-
pensation. That is the reason why the auto-rotation switch turns off static tail rotor
compensation (see 8.6.3). The basic pitch angle of the tail rotor blades, which is
designed to compensate for main rotor torque when hovering (see 8.6.2), is re-
duced to a value of around 0° by the tail rotor offset.
This is how you set tail rotor offset:
Procedure
Display
GB: D:
1.
Select the T-ROT OF setting in the MIX menu
and switch to the second line
T-ROT HECK
OF OF
2.
Set the mixer value e.g. 15%
3.
Return to the first line
Continue as shown in the flow chart
Note:
To set the mixer value for the tail rotor offset swivel the tail rotor blades up verti-
cally again as already described. Adjust the mixer value so that the two blade tips
are in line with each other.
8.6.5. Idle-up
The idle-up function is required to prevent motor speed falling off too much when
you bring the model down by selecting a negative collective pitch setting. On the
COCKPIT
MM
you can pre-select the minimum motor speed with the slider (see 8.6.2).
Start the motor and run it at idle, with the model parked on the take-off site, and
push the idle-up slider to the centre position. Do this slowly and steadily so that the
motor brings the system up to nominal rotational speed with minimum stress. The
throttle and collective pitch curves should be set up (see 8.6.7) in such a way that
the idle-up select slider stays at centre (centre detent) all the time the model is fly-
ing. This is a defined position for idle-up which can be found easily for every flight.
39
8.6.6. The starting procedure
Before you start the motor in your helicopter always carry out a safety check:
• Is the model in sound mechanical order?
• Are the radio control system and batteries in serviceable condition?
• Do the controls respond in the correct direction to transmitter commands?
• Is the gyro set to provide the correct direction of correction, and is it secured
firmly in the model?
Move the collective pitch stick to the collective pitch minimum position and the
idle-up slider to the idle position (between motor stopped and centre). Hold the
main rotor firmly in one hand while you start the motor. Do not let go of the main
rotor at this stage!
When the motor is running it must be adjusted to obtain smooth running. With the
COCKPIT
MM
this does not have to be done with the model in flight. A full throttle
check can be carried out on the ground using the idle-up slider.
Important:
Before you do this move the collective pitch stick to the collective pitch minimum
setting and keep it there.
Now you can slowly advance the throttle using idle-up until the motor reaches full
throttle, without having to lift the model off the ground. To place an adequate load
on the motor, apply negative collective pitch to the same magnitude as required for
climbing.
Once the motor is correctly adjusted, move the auto-rotation switch to the auto-
rotation setting. Now adjust the AROT GAS value (see 8.6.4) to a point where the
motor runs reliably at a fast idle, but the clutch shows no tendency to engage.
Once you have set up the auto-rotation throttle setting correctly, for safety’s sake
we recommend that you always start the motor in the auto-rotation setting. This
ensures that there is no danger of the motor suddenly speeding up if you should
accidentally move the collective pitch stick (e.g. when placing the transmitter neck-
strap over your head).
8.6.7. Test flying
The most important stages in test-flying a helicopter are adjusting the:
• throttle and collective pitch curves, and
• static tail rotor compensation.
Throttle and collective pitch curve
The first step is to adjust the throttle and collective pitch curve to match each other.
The aim of this process is to achieve a constant system rotational speed over the full
collective pitch range when the throttle idle-up slider is at centre (see 8.6.5). This
adjustment is carried out by varying the servo settings for centre and end-points
(see 8.3.2).
Caution:
These values should only be altered when the model is on the ground.
Cut the motor before making any changes.
40
A. Move the collective pitch stick to the minimum position:
Set the nominal rotational speed by adjusting the centre point of servo 5
(throttle).
B. Set the collective pitch stick to the hover setting (centre):
The model should now hover at an unchanged rotational speed. Adjust the
throttle servo until this is the case. If the model hovers above or below the cen-
tre point of the collective pitch stick, the setting of servo 4 (collective pitch)
should be adjusted until you can return the stick to centre.
C. Set the collective pitch stick to maximum collective pitch:
The model should now climb at an unchanged rotational speed, with the car-
burettor fully open, and the motor producing maximum power. If the rotational
speed falls off, the maximum collective pitch value is too high, and you need to
reduce the value for servo 4 (collective pitch).
Static tail rotor compensation
Static tail rotor compensation also needs to be fine-tuned, but this cannot be done
until the throttle and collective pitch curves are correctly set up, and system rota-
tional speed stays constant over the full range of collective pitch. Set the helicopter
in a climb and then allow it to descend again. The model should not yaw (swing
away from its heading) at any time (see 8.6.3).
9. Auxiliary functions
9.1. Stopwatch / MOTOR OFF switch
The COCKPIT
MM
features a stopwatch with variable alarm function and a MOTOR OFF
function. Both functions are controlled by one single 3-position switch.
Centre setting: stopwatch stopped, motor running
End-point 1: stopwatch running, motor running
End-point 2: motor cuts (EMERGENCY OFF), stopwatch stopped
Suitable switches are:
# 7 5740: 3- position, latching in all three positions (On/Off/On)
or # 7 5707: 3- position, latching at one end-point,
momentary at the other (On/Off/Momentary)
!!
The switch must be connected to socket S1 in the transmitter (see 4.1.6.)!
Stopwatch
The stopwatch is accurate to 1/10 second and can be read off in the first line of
operating screens INFO 2 and INFO 3. The stopwatch can be reset in operating
screen INFO 2 or INFO 3 by pressing the 3D digi-adjustor.
If you set an alarm time, the stopwatch counts upwards to this time. 10 seconds
before reaching the alarm the piezo sounder starts beeping once every second.
After reaching the set alarm time the stopwatch carries on running. A trill an-
nounces the set alarm.
41
!!
The timer is visible only in the operating screens INO 1 and INFO 2 !
This is how you set the alarm time:
Procedure Display
1.
Select the ALARM1 setting in the TIMER menu and
switch to the second line
2.
Set the alarm time, e.g. 2 min 30 sec
3.
Return to the first line
Continue as shown in the flow chart
9.2. Teacher/pupil mode
The COCKPIT
MM
can be used as the pupil transmitter for „trainer“ operations by con-
necting it to a transmitter, which can be expanded with a teacher/pupil switch. The
teacher/pupil lead must be # 8 5121. :
PROFI mc 4000, PROFI mc 3010 and 3030,
Commander mc 2010 plus, 2015, 2020,
Combi 90 (Cockpit, Commander),
Royal mc
Teacher/pupil operation is not possible with other MULTIPLEX transmitters and/or
the old twin-core teacher/pupil lead # 8 5045
Preparation:
1. Set the pulse format for all servos to MN (MULTIPLEX, Normal). It’s a good idea
to a specific model memory for teacher/pupil operation.
2. Connect the transmitters with the teacher/pupil lead.
Do not disconnect the lead while using the teacher/pupil system.
Note the inscription on the teacher/pupil lead.
Connect the teacher plug to the teacher tx, the pupil plug to the COCKPIT
MM
.
3. Switch on the teacher transmitter only. The Cockpit remains OFF!
Power is fed to the COCKPIT
MM
from the teacher transmitter via the teacher/pupil
lead.
4. Activate the COCKPIT
MM
pupil mode
Pupil mode can be activated from any model memory.
This is how you set pupil mode:
Procedure
Display
GB: D:
1.
Select the PUPIL setting in the SETUP menu and
switch to the second line
PUPIL SCHUL
OF AUS
2.
Select pupil mode
PUPIL SCHUL
ON AN
42
CAUTION:
• This setting must be left unchanged all the time you are using
teacher/pupil mode. „PUPIL ON“ must remain active!
• Do not disconnect the teacher/pupil lead from either transmitter
while you are using teacher/pupil mode!
5. Ending the teacher/pupil mode
Press the 3D-digi-adjustor once. The cursor moves back to the upper line and
the teacher/pupil lead can be disconnected from the transmitters.
Note:
If the two transmitters are disconnected during operation
the pupil transmitter remains in pupil mode. When switched on the transmitter
does not show the operating screen (as usual), but the PUPILs menu set to ON. If
this happens press the 3D-digi-adjustor to quit the pupil mode and select the oper-
ating display.
10. Channel-Check gives security when you switch on
The Channel-Check module is a monitor receiver which checks the channel on
which your transmitter is operating. It can be installed in the transmitter at any
time.
Every time you switch the transmitter on, the monitor receiver is automatically acti-
vated and checks whether your channel is vacant. If the channel is already in use, or
is encountering interference, the indicator lamp on the transmitter glows red, and
the RF section stays switched off. This means that you do not run the risk of operat-
ing your own model, and you will not cause interference to the other model which
could already be flying within a radius of about 300 m from your location.
10.1. Installing Channel-Check
1. Fit a receiver crystal in the Channel-Check module as shown in
the drawing alongside.
Important:
The channel numer of the crystals for the Channel-Check
module and the receiver (in the model) must be identical.
MULTIPLEX receiver crystals are fitted with a yellow plastic
sleeve and are printed with the code letter „E“ before the
channel number.
2. Open the transmitter case (Fig. I)
3. Hold the module by the narrow sides and place it carefully on the Channel-
Check socket on the main circuit board (Fig. V)
Check that the two rows of pins on the main circuit board engage correctly in
the sockets.
4. Close the transmitter case
Channel-Check
module
43
10.2. Operating the transmitter with Channel-Check
Once installed in the transmitter, Channel-Check carries out its work automatically
every time you switch the transmitter on. You will hardly be aware of anything hap-
pening at this stage. However, you must ensure that Channel-Check is set to check
the correct channel. Remember to ask yourself this question before you switch on
every time:
Do the crystals in the Channel-Check module and the transmitter
bear the same channel number?
The check can only function correctly if the channel number of the transmitter crys-
tal and the Channel-Check crystal are identical. If you are not quite certain, it is
always better to check one more time than make a mistake.
This is the procedure for switching on:
1. Extend the telescopic aerial fully
2. Keep about 10 m away from any other RC transmitters which are switched on
3. Switch on the transmitter
• 7 x a trill, LED flashes fast (approx. 1 per sec.), Display shows STOP means:
Your channel is in use or suffering interference.
The transmitter does not radiate an RF signal.
• only one trill, LED turns on for about 4 sec.,
then flashes slowly (approx. Every 3 sec.) means:
Your channel is vacant, and Channel-Check has not picked up any
interference. You can safely operate your model.
Note: if the channel is already in use or if interference is detected,
the transmitter will not transmit! To repeat the check you must first
switch the transmitter off and then on again.
10.3. What should I do if STOP appears and the LED flashes fast?
First enquire among the other transmitter users whether somebody else is using
„your“ frequency. It regularly happens that a modeller changes crystals one day,
and the next day forgets what he has done.
If you cannot find another transmitter on your channel, wait a few minutes and
repeat the check by switching on again.
Don’t risk a flight until you have completed a series of checks, all of them suc-
cessful (LED is on for 4 sec. after switching on and then flashes slowly). For your
own peace of mind, carry out a series of checks, walking to different locations be-
tween attempts, so that you can be confident that your channel is really free.
44
But only with
the telescopic aerial
fully extended!
approx. 300 m
10.4. How effective is Channel-Check?
With the telescopic aerial fully extended Channel-
Check monitors the airwaves over a radius of about
300 m. Of course, the monitoring radius varies
according to the ambient conditions in which you are
operating your transmitter. Flat or hilly ground, the
type of terrain, other radio control transmitters already
in use, other kinds of transmitter (radio, television,
navigation systems etc.) can reduce the effective
monitoring radius.
!!
With the telescopic aerial collapsed the ambient influences become relatively
so powerful that it is not possible to state the effective monitoring radius reliably.
CAUTION:
„Channel vacant“ only applies to the moment in which you switch on.
When your channel has been checked, the RF module stays
switched on permanently.
Even if interference should occur subsequently
or if another transmitter on the same channel is switched on later.
45
11. Installing the receiving system in the model
Fig. VI shows the optimum arrangement of the receiving system components in the
model. As far as possible you should consider and work out the position of the re-
ceiving system components in the model even before you start building.
The following points are particularly important:
• Keep the receiver as far away as possible from
- electric motors
- electrical ignition systems
- servos
- batteries
- cables (especially leads carrying high currents).
• Deploy the receiver aerial in as straight a line as possible, and run it out of the
model by the most direct route
(e.g. tension it to the fin with a rubber band).
• Do not shorten/extend the aerial, and don’t leave it coiled up inside the model.
• Do not deploy the aerial inside a model component, or stick it on top of a
model component, which is reinforced with carbon fibre (signal shielding).
• Protect the receiver from vibration. Pack it in foam and stow it loosely in the
model.
If your model has an electric power system, we recommend that you install the
receiving system as shown in Fig. VI. Keep the distance between the receiving sys-
tem and the power system as great as possible, as the currents are high and can
produce serious interference. Ensure that all electric motors are effectively sup-
pressed.
Before the first flight carry out a particularly thorough range check (see 12.2.:
range testing) with the motor stopped and with the motor running.
If you are obliged to fit servo extension leads in the model
, the long cables will
have an effect on the reception conditions inside the airframe. If the length of any
servo lead is greater than 60 cm, a separation filter must be used at the receiver.
Separation filters may also be required to eliminate interference where servo leads
run parallel to each other over a distance of 25 cm or more. Your local model shop
or the MULTIPLEX Service Dept. will provide information on what you need (see
12.5.: What should I do if I have queries or problems?)
12. The system in use
12.1. Post Office regulations for the U.K.
Radio controlled models are of two types - those which operate on the ground or
on water, known as „surface“ models, and those which operate in the air. The first
group includes model cars, trucks and buggies, and also model boats of all types.
The second encompasses fixed-wing model aircraft and rotary-wing machines
(mainly helicopters).
46
The frequency bands available for radio controlled models are 26.960 to 27.280
MHz General use, 34.995 to 35.255 MHz (Channels 60 - 85 incl.) Air only, 40.665 to
40.955 MHz (Channels 50 - 79 incl.) Surface only
, and 458.500 to 459.500 MHz
General. Since the 26/27 MHz band is also allocated for Citizens Band radio and
other users, and the 458/459 MHz band is also available for use by telemetry and
other equipment, radio controlled models are generally operated on the 34/35 MHz
band (usually known simply as „35 MHz“) and the 40 MHz band.
As of 1 January 1981 model control equipment was exempted from the licensing
requirements of the Wireless Telegraphy Act 1949. This simply means that no li-
cence is required to operate RC equipment in the U.K. If you need further informa-
tion please contact:
The Low Power Radio Section, Radio communications Agency
Room 712, Waterloo Bridge House, Waterloo Road, London SE1 8UA
12.2. Range check
The range check is an important routine which makes a significant contribution to
the operational security of your model. On the basis of our experience and technical
measurements we have designed a test procedure which will always keep you on
the safe side.
1. Collapse the transmitter aerial completely and hold the transmitter horizontally
about 1 m above the ground.
2. Ask a friend to hold the model about 1 m above the ground.
3. Ensure that there are no large metal objects (cars, wire fence etc.) in the vicinity.
4. Check that there are no other transmitters switched on (even if they are on
other channels). The test will not give reliable results otherwise.
5. Switch on the transmitter, then the receiver. Walk away from the model to a
distance of 80 m, and check that the control surfaces respond clearly and accu-
rately to the stick commands, and do not make any unexpected movements.
Note:
If your model is powered, carry out the test with the motor stopped, then repeat it
with the motor running.
TIP:
You may be able to improve the maximum range as follows:
1. Carry out a range check as described above.
2. With the transmitter aerial still collapsed increase the distance between trans-
mitter and receiver until the servos begin to jitter, and no longer respond 100%
to your commands.
3. Now try altering the installation of the receiving system (concentrating on the
aerial installation in particular) until you achieve the best possible range (see
11.: Installing the receiving system in the model).
47
12.3. Using the diagnosis lead
If you just want to check and adjust your model without flying it, you can connect
the transmitter directly to the receiving system by means of a diagnosis lead, with-
out the transmitter radiating an RF signal.
This is the procedure:
1. Connect the transmitter (multi-function socket) to the receiving system in the
model using the diagnosis lead
2. Switch on the transmitter first (the RF section stays switched off)
3. Switch on the receiving system
Two diagnosis leads are available, depending on the receiving system in your
model:
Diagnosis lead for MULTIPLEX switch harness with charge socket # 8 5105
Diagnosis lead for „EinStein“ # 8 5162
12.4. Care of the transmitter
Protect your transmitter from mechanical damage, temperatures above 60°C (direct
sunshine inside a car), damp, solvents, fuel, combustion residues and dust (e.g. in
the modelling workshop). Bear in mind also that if the temperature alters quickly
(e.g. when you move from a warm workshop to a cold car) condensation may ap-
pear on the transmitter, and the moisture could prevent it working properly. If you
think this might have happened, carry out the range check with particular care, and
allow the transmitter plenty of time for its temperature to adjust to the ambient
conditions. Check also that the transmitter is completely dry on the inside.
Cleaning the transmitter
The best way to remove dust is with a soft paintbrush. The case can be cleaned with
a slightly damp cloth and a mild household cleaning agent.
!!
Ensure that no fluid gets inside the transmitter.
Maintenance
Your transmitter contains no parts which require maintenance.
!!
However, we strongly recommend that you carry out a range check and test all
the functions at regular intervals.
12.5. What should I do if I have queries or problems?
The first step should always be to ask your local model shop for advice.
Our Service Centres are listed on the back cover of these instructions.
For technical questions or queries about the use of the transmitter the
MULTIPLEX hotline is available on 0049-7233-7343
You can also reach us by eMail on the following address:
„kundendienst@multiplex-rc.de“
48
13. Accessories
Transmitter neckstrap # 8 5161
Transmitter case # 76 3321
Channel Check module 35 MHz # 7 5164
Channel Check module 40 MHz # 7 5165
Expansion units, switches
On/Off switch (E/A) # 7 5742
On/Off/On switch (E/A/E) # 7 5740
On/Of/Momentary switch (E/A/T) # 7 5707
Slider # 7 5720
Rotary adjustor # 7 5719
Teacher-pupil lead # 8 5121
Diagnosis lead for:
MPX switch harness with charge socket # 8 5105
EinStein # 8 5162
Transmitter charge lead # 8 6020
Transmitter battery, 6/1000 mAh # 15 5510
Service addresses:
Austria Heinz Hable, Wien 0732-321100
Belgium Jean Marie Servais, Jambes 081-304564
France Claude Hubscher, Strasbourg 03-88411242
Germany MULTIPLEX Service 07233-7333
Netherlands Jan van Mouwerik, Maasland 01-059-13594
Sweden ORBO, Solna 08-832585
Switzerland Werner Ankli, Zullwil
K. Elsener
0691-7919191
061-3828282
© MULTIPLEX 1999 (2
nd
edition Ap) Printed in Germany.
Errors, alterations and omissions excepted. Conditions of availability reserved.
# 85 5690
MULTIPLEX modelltechnik gmbh
•
Neuer Weg 15
•
D-75223 Niefern
… 10 …


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