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Minox WINDWATCH PRO II Manual

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57
Indications d’altimétrie
Température de la colonne d’air
La formule normale d’altitude a été développée pour les avi-
ons en 1928. Elle repose sur le principe que la température
moyenne au niveau de la mer est de + 15 °C. Ce faisant la tem
-
péra-ture diminue de 0,65 °C par 100 m. A 2000m d’altitude la
température normale est donc 20 x 0.65 = 13°C plus froid que
la moyenne au niveau de la mer, donc en moyenne + 2 °C.
Quand la colonne d’air est plus chaude, l’air est moins dense.
Lorsqu’on se trouve sur une montage, on a plus de particules
d’air au-dessus de soi, et la pression de l’air est un peu plus
haute que par le calcul de la formule d’altitude. L’altimètre
affiche une altitude trop basse. Si la colonne d’air est plus
froide, l’air froid se groupe au sol, et il y a moins de particules
d’air au-dessus de soi. La pression est moindre et l’altitude
affichée plus haute. Ceci peut avoir comme résultat par ex.
sur la montagne du Jungfraujoch jusqu’à 150m.
Afin d’égaliser l’inexactitude à cause de la température de la
colonne d’air, l’instrument WINDWATCH PRO est capable de
compenser cette température de la colonne d’air. Toutefois ceci
n’est pas possible à 100%, car la stratification de la colonne
d’air peut être très compliquée (par ex. inversion atmosphéri-
que avec brouillard élevé). L’instrument propose „trop chaud“
ou „trop froid“, ce qui repose sur une statistique annuelle de
Instruction for altimetry
Temperature of Air column
The normal altimetry formula was developed for aircraft in
1928. It is based upon an average temperature of 15 °C at
sea level. Hereby temperature drops by 0.65 °C per 100 m.
At height of 2000 m normal tempera-ture is therefore 20
x 0.65 = 13 °C colder than the average at sea level, thus
in average 2 °C.
In case the air column is warmer, the air is packed less
dense. While standing on top of a mountain, one has more
air particles above and air pressure is somewhat higher
than calculated according to the formula. The height
displayed by the altimeter is too low. In case the air column
is colder, the cold air is concentrated at ground level, and
there are less air particles above. Air pressure is lower and
the height displayed is higher. On top of the Jungfraujoch
Mountain this may result in up to 150 m.
In order to adjust the inaccuracy caused by the temperature
of air column, the to compensate for this air column tem
-
perature. However, this is not possible by 100 %, because
the air column layering might be very complicated (e.g.
atmospheric inversion with high fog). The instrument makes
a proposal for „too warm“ and „too cold“ which is based
on annual statistics made for the Jungfraujoch Mountain.
… 58 …


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