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Magix Movie Edit Pro 15 Manual

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MPEG glossary 275
www.magix.com
macroblocks (16x16 pixels) during prediction.
T
t
c
t
i
m
b
d
a
N
i
R
r
t
T
n
again which are compared to P frame
4
h
b
b
A
t
e
O
D
B
e
m
c
s
U
l
he first frame is always the I frame. It is completely encoded from
he first picture. Afterwards, the 4th picture is analyzed for the
reation of the first P frame. As already said, the encoder and later
he decoder will know that two B frames belong between them. This
mage will also be completely encoded, and afterwards all
acroblocks that haven't changed in comparison to the I frame will
e deleted. They will be replaced by corresponding references for the
ecoder that tell it "you already know what should be shown here,
nd you can get it from the last I frame".
ow the 2nd will be completely encoded, and all macroblocks
dentical to the first I frame and the following P frame will be removed.
eferences to previous frames are called backward predictions, and
eferences to following frames are called forward predictions. The
hird picture will be edited in exactly the same fashion.
he fourth picture we have already explained, and now we need the
ext P frame, or picture number 7. Pictures 5 and 6 are B frames
s to both sides of them (picture
and 7), and these are followed by the last two B frames. These
ave a special place, since in closed GOPs they may contain only
ackward predictions and no references to the next I frame, since it
elongs to the next GOP.
lso: Since the decoder is no prophet, the P frames are always
ransmitted before the B frames! The GOP explained above will be
ncoded and transmitted in the order it is written.
riginal GOP: I
0
B
01
B
02
P
01
B
11
B
12
P
02
B
21
B
22
I
1
ata stream: I
0
P
01
B
01
B
02
P
02
B
11
B
12
B
21
B
22
I
1
... in closed GOPs
I
0
P
01
B
01
B
02
P
02
B
11
B
12
I
1
B
21
B
22
P
11
... in open GOPs
ecause of this nested structure it is easy to see that during direct
diting of MPEG material, and complicated computations have to be
ade! These are made easier using a frame table. A frame table
ontains a list in which the information of every frame in the data
tream is found to identify the type of frame it is.
sing "
Movement prediction (on page 270)", P and B frames are
ikewise reduced.
… 275 …


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