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Knex 78780 - Education DNA Replication Teachers Guide Manual

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MODULE II: REPLICATION AND TRANSCRIPTION
Table 1 – The Genetic Code: the three-letter codes representing the possible sequences of nitrogen-containing
bases found in mRNA to represent the 20 amino acids and stop codons. For each line of each cell of the table,
the first three capital letters are the one-letter abbreviations for the nucleotide triplet making up the codon. Except
for Stop codons, the codon triplet is followed by both the three-letter and one-letter abbreviations for the encoded
amino acid.
creAte/Assess
• StudentsshouldmakeasamplemRNAmoleculeoftheirownandthentradeitwithapartner.
The partner should perform the necessary steps to work back to the original double-stranded DNA
molecule that coded for the mRNA. The original template DNA strand must be labeled - mark with
tape, yarn, or an extra K’NEX piece - to distinguish it from its complementary coding DNA strand.
(Refer to Figure 1). All sequences, (mRNA, and both DNA strands,) should be recorded and labeled in
the student journals.
• Afterperformingtheprevioustask,studentsshouldre-createa(different)samplemRNAmolecule,
this time making sure that actual codons are in the mRNA strand. (The strand should include
appropriate “start” and “stop” codons as well.) Students should again exchange mRNA molecules
and work their way back to the original DNA template and complementary strand. All sequences and
the amino acids coded for in the mRNA strand and the DNA template and complementary strands
should be recorded and identified in the students’ journals.
APPly
Questions/Activities for students:
• Thegeneticcodeisgenerallyconsidereduniversal,meaningthatanygivencodonwillcodeforthe
same amino acid in all living things. Ask students to propose examples of how this has been shown
to be true.
Examples:
1. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) - DNA from one species is used to insert a gene and
produce a gene product in another species.
LESSON 4
[Source for Table 1: Fig. 5.6, p.143 from BIOCHEMISTRY, 3rd ed. by Christopher K. Mathews, K.E. van Holde and Kevin G. Ahern. Copyright
©
2000
by Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. Reprinted by permission of Pearson Education, Inc.]
888-ABC-KNEX
Education
®
… 33 …


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