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Knex 78620 - Education Intro to Wheels and Axles and Inclined Planes Teachers Guide Manual

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Lesson�6:�The�Splitting�Wedge
 • Askthechildrentoobserveandrecordwhathappens
when the wedge is pushed into the K’NEX ‘log’.
   • Inwhichdirectiondoes(i)thepointofthewedge
and (ii) the sides of the ‘log’ move?
   • Whichmovesthegreaterdistance,thepointof
the wedge or the sides of the ‘log’?
   • (Optional)WhyistheirK’NEXwedgeanexample
of an ‘inclined plane’? You may want to suggest
that they turn their model on its side and compare
the wedge, as it moves into the ‘log’, with the
ramp they investigated in the previous lesson.
Whole Class
 • Discussthechildren’sobservationsandfindings.
 • Askthechildrentorecordtheirobservationsandresults.
Making use of the correct vocabulary, they should write
notes to explain how the mechanism works. They
should also include annotated diagrams, with arrows to
show the direction of movement of the different parts.
Teacher’s Notes
The children should note:
• The sides of the ‘log’ move at
right angles to the movement of
the wedge.
• The point of the wedge moves a
greater distance than either side of
the split ‘log’. The more they push
down, the more the log separates.
The sideways forces generated
from the action of the wedge can
be very large.
• The K’NEX wedge model is really
two inclined planes arranged
back-to-back. This is similar to
an axe head.
To promote the wider use and
application of ICT skills and practices,
the children’s models and work might
be recorded using a digital camera.
Alternative Investigation
Working in Groups of 2-3
   • Askeachgrouptostackfourheavybooksontop
of each other. Using just the fingertips of one hand,
they should take turns lifting up two of the books.
Ask the children to notice how this feels.
   • Theyshouldthenrepeattheactivityusingthe
K’NEX splitting wedge to lift the same two books.
As they tap in the wedge they should notice in
which direction the books move. They should also
compare how easy, or difficult, it was to lift the
books with the wedge compared to their fingertips.
   • Askthemtorepeattheexperimentoncemore,this
time lifting all four books. What do they notice?
   • Thechildrenshouldrecordtheirobservationsand
include a labelled diagram.
The children should notice that it is
more difficult to lift the books using
their fingertips than it is using the
wedge, especially when they try to
lift all four books. As the wedge is
inserted, the books move at right
angles to the movement of the wedge.
Brain-teaser
Can wooden wedges be used to
split solid rock?
Yes, surprisingly! From very early
times, quarry workers hammered
dry wooden wedges into cracks in
rock and then soaked the wedges
with water. The wedges expanded,
generating enormous sideways
forces that were large enough to
split the rocks.
Plenary
Ask children to discuss and explain their observations.
Education
®
… 39 …


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