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Knex 78610 - Education Intro to Levers and Pulleys Teachers Guide Manual

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Teacher’s Notes
Force meters could be used to
compare the actual forces needed
to lift the weighted paper cup verti-
cally with those needed when using the
K’NEX block and tackle model.
An alternative approach could be
to use two force meters - one
representing the pulling force, or
effort, and the other the load to
be overcome by the effort.
 • Feeltheforceneededtolifttheweightedpapercup.
 • Howdoesliftingtheweightedpapercupwiththeblock
and tackle compare to lifting it directly by hand?
 • Countthenumberofstringssupportingthelower
movable pulleys. What might this information tell you
about how much this block and tackle system helps
you to lift the load?
 • Usingtheblockandtackle,raisethecupabout5cm.
Measure how far the string must be pulled to allow the
paper cup to reach this height?
For either approach:
 • Askthechildrentodescribeandexplaintheir
observations, to make labelled drawings of their model
and use arrows to indicate movements. They should be
encouraged to use the correct terminology to describe
the different components.
Extension Activity 1
Design Task
Working in Groups of 2-3
The present lifting mechanism is not safe when in use.
Modify the design so that it will not topple when lifting
heavy objects.
The children should be encouraged to
(i) draw plans for their design
(ii) explain how they will evaluate it
(iii) write a description of how they think it will work.
On completion ask:
  •Whatchangesdidyoumakeduringthetestingof
your design?
  •Whatwerethemostdifficultpartstomake?
  •Howdidyousolvetheproblems?
The children should notice a significant
reduction in the effort needed to lift the
weighted cup when using the block
and tackle. They should also observe
that there are 4 strings supporting
the two lower movable pulleys. This
system makes it 4 times easier to lift
the weighted paper cup load, but the
‘trade-off’ is they have to pull the string
4 times the distance moved by
the load.
To promote the wider use and
application of ICT skills and practices,
the children’s models and work might
be recorded using a digital camera.
Extension Activity 2
Design Task
Working in Groups of 2-3
Yourmotherisaphysicaltherapistworkingwithpeople
who have been injured and have to use wheelchairs. It is
often difficult for your mother to lift the patients out of their
wheelchairs to use the machines for their exercises. Using
K’NEX and other appropriate materials, design and make
a portable pulley system that can lift patients out of their
wheel chairs and transport them to the different exercise
machines. Explain how your machine operates and how it
uses pulleys to accomplish the task.
levers and pulleys
website: www.knexeducation.co.uk
Lesson 9: The Block and Tackle
Education
®
… 56 …


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