Manual Kenwood TS-2000E (page 60 of 150) (English)

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11 SPECIALIZED COMMUNICATIONS

AMTOR/ PacTOR/ CLOVER/ G-TOR/ PSK31

Besides Packet and RTTY, digital modes which have

been used among hams include AMTOR, PacTOR,

CLOVER, G-TOR, and PSK31. This manual does not

describe much about these modes. For details,

consult reference books about Amateur Radio.

AMTOR (AMateur Teleprinting Over Radio) has

brought amateur HF digital communication into the

computer age. It is the first error-free HF digital mode

by which data bursts (not steady stream of data) are

transmitted.

PacTOR (Packet Teleprinting On Radio) has

combined the best features of both AMTOR and

Packet to improve the efficiency of HF digital

communications. Like Packet and AMTOR, PacTOR

sends error-free data using a handshaking method.

Of all the Amateur Radio HF digital modes, CLOVER

offers the best overall performance using a

complicated modulation technique, automatic power

adjustment and other advanced features. It may

allow communications to be maintained under the

worst conditions.

G-TOR (Golay-coded Teleprinting Over Radio) is a

relatively new Amateur Radio digital mode currently in

use. G-TOR

was developed specifically to handle the

adverse conditions of communicating, across the

solar system, with spacecraft during their missions.

PSK31 was developed by an RTTY enthusiast,

G3PLX, in the Great Britain. The operating technique

is very similar to the conventional Baudot-RTTY,

although more sensitive fine-tuning is required, as a

PSK31 signal requires a tuning accuracy of a few

Hertz. A special feature of PSK31 is that it allows the

entire ASCII character set, including the back space

character.

Your MCP should handle some or all of the above

modes. For available modes on your MCP, consult

the instruction manual for the MCP. For the cable

connections, see “MCP AND TNC” {page 95}.

On most HF bands, audio frequency shift keying

(AFSK) is used for the above modes. This method of

modulation uses audio tones therefore either LSB or

USB mode should be selected. Traditionally, LSB is

used, similar to RTTY, with the exception of AMTOR

which is normally operated in USB.

AMTOR activity can be found on or near 14075 and

3637.5 kHz. These are also good starting places

when searching for PacTOR, CLOVER, G-TOR, or

PSK31 stations.

Note: When using SSB mode for digital operation, use a fast AGC

setting and switch your Speech Processor OFF.

SLOW SCAN TV/ FACSIMILE

Slow-scan Television (SSTV) is a popular application

for transmitting still images over the air, from one

station to another. Instead of trying to describe your

station, simply showing it is much faster. Transmitting

images over the air requires a scan converter,

besides a transceiver. A scan converter transforms

images taken with a video camera into audio signals

that can be fed into your transceiver. The recipient’s

scan converter transforms audio signals back into

video images so that he or she can view them on a

TV set.

Nowadays instead of a scan converter, many hams

use a personal computer, a software application, and

an interface attached to the transceiver. This is much

cheaper, more flexible, and does not require a TV set.

In recent years, many low cost digital cameras have

become available. You can transfer images from

these cameras into your computer.

For further information, consult reference books about

Amateur Radio. The frequencies (measured in kHz)

commonly used for SSTV operation are listed below:

adanaC/.A.S.U

1noigeRURA

)acirfA/eporuE(

7583,54830473~0373

17175407~5307

33241,0324153241~52241

0431254312~53312

0868258682~57682

005541—

Fax (facsimile) is one of the original image

transmission modes. Using this mode allows you to

exchange more detailed graphics than SSTV.

Amateur Radio fax functions much like old analog fax

systems. It scans paper and converts acquired

image data into a series of tones representing white

and black portions of the image. Because fax

requires longer transmission time, you should use it

only when band conditions are stable with strong

signals.

Popular fax frequencies include the following:

• 7245, 14245, 21345 (International Net), and

28945 kHz

Operating on SSTV or fax mainly involves learning

the functionality of your computer application or

accessory hardware that supports these modes.

Consult the instruction manual that comes with your

software or accessory equipment.

Note: When operating either SSTV or fax, use a fast AGC setting

and switch OFF your Speech Processor, for best results.

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