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Adobe Photoshop CC - 2015 Manual

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Image and color basics
Last updated 11/30/2015
Color channels
Every Photoshop image has one or more channels, each storing information about color elements in the image. The
number of default color channels in an image depends on its color mode. By default, images in Bitmap, Grayscale,
Duotone, and Indexed Color mode have one channel; RGB and Lab images have three; and CMYK images have four.
You can add channels to all image types except Bitmap mode images. For more information, see
Color modes.
Channels in color images are actually grayscale images that represent each of the color components of an image. For
example, an RGB image has separate channels for red, green, and blues color values.
In addition to color channels, alpha channels, can be added to an image for storing and editing selections as masks, and
spot color channels can be added to add spot color plates for printing. For more information, see
Channel basics.
Bit depth
Bit depth specifies how much color information is available for each pixel in an image. The more bits of information per
pixel, the more available colors and more accurate color representation. For example, an image with a bit depth of 1 has
pixels with two possible values: black and white. An image with a bit depth of 8 has 2
8
, or 256, possible values. Grayscale
mode images with a bit depth of 8 have 256 possible gray values.
RGB images are made of three color channels. An 8-bit per pixel RGB image has 256 possible values for each channel
which means it has over 16 million possible color values. RGB images with 8-bits per channel (bpc) are sometimes
called 24-bit images (8 bits x 3 channels = 24 bits of data for each pixel).
In addition to 8-bpc images, Photoshop can also work with images that contain 16-bpc or 32-bpc. Images with 32-bpc
are also known as high dynamic range (HDR) images.
Photoshop support for 16-bit images
Photoshop provides the following support for working with 16-bpc images:
• Working in Grayscale, RGB Color, CMYK Color, Lab Color, and Multichannel modes.
• All tools in the toolbox, except the Art History Brush tool, can be used with 16-bpc images.
• Color and tonal adjustment commands are available
• You can work with layers, including adjustment layers, in 16-bpc images.
• Many Photoshop filters can be used with 16-bpc images.
To take advantage of certain Photoshop features, such as some filters, you can convert a 16-bpc image to an 8-bpc
image. It’s best if you do a Save As and convert a copy of the image file so the original file retains the full 16-bpc
image data.
Convert between bit depths
?
Do any of the following:
• To convert between 8 bpc and 16 bpc, Choose Image > Mode > 16 Bits/Channel or 8 Bits/Channel.
• To convert from 8 bpc or 16 bits to 32 bpc, choose Image > Mode > 32 Bits/Channel.
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