Manual ZyXEL VMG8623-T50A (page 393 of 421) (English)

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Appendix B Wireless LANs

VMG/XMG Series User’s Guide

393

Antenna Overview

An antenna couples RF signals onto air. A transmitter within a wireless device sends an RF signal to the

antenna, which propagates the signal through the air. The antenna also operates in reverse by

capturing RF signals from the air.

Positioning the antennas properly increases the range and coverage area of a wireless LAN.

Antenna Characteristics

Frequency

An antenna in the frequency of 2.4GHz (IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g) or 5GHz (IEEE 802.11a) is needed

to communicate efficiently in a wireless LAN

Radiation Pattern

A radiation pattern is a diagram that allows you to visualize the shape of the antenna’s coverage area.

Antenna Gain

Antenna gain, measured in dB (decibel), is the increase in coverage within the RF beam width. Higher

antenna gain improves the range of the signal for better communications.

For an indoor site, each 1 dB increase in antenna gain results in a range increase of approximately 2.5%.

For an unobstructed outdoor site, each 1dB increase in gain results in a range increase of approximately

5%. Actual results may vary depending on the network environment.

Antenna gain is sometimes specified in dBi, which is how much the antenna increases the signal power

compared to using an isotropic antenna. An isotropic antenna is a theoretical perfect antenna that

sends out radio signals equally well in all directions. dBi represents the true gain that the antenna

provides.

Types of Antennas for WLAN

There are two types of antennas used for wireless LAN applications.

• Omni-directional antennas send the RF signal out in all directions on a horizontal plane. The coverage

area is torus-shaped (like a donut) which makes these antennas ideal for a room environment. With a

wide coverage area, it is possible to make circular overlapping coverage areas with multiple access

points.

WPA TKIP/AES No Enable

WPA-PSK TKIP/AES Yes Disable

WPA2 TKIP/AES No Enable

WPA2-PSK TKIP/AES Yes Disable

Table 169 Wireless Security Relational Matrix (continued)

AUTHENTICATION METHOD/

KEY MANAGEMENT

PROTOCOL

ENCRYPTION

METHOD

ENTER MANUAL

KEY

IEEE 802.1X

1

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