Manual Yamaha VS10 (page 35 of 45) (English)

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APPENDIX

■ Encode/Decode

When a signal or other information is processed,

compressed and digitized, this is called encoding. Encoding

can be used to record an extremely large amount of

information on a single CD or DVD.

An encoded signal cannot be listened to directly. It must be

returned to its original state (i.e. audible sound) and this is

called decoding.

■ Sound field

Not all sound travels from the sound source directly into the

human ear, but instead reflects off of walls, ceilings and

other objects to arrive at the ear slightly delayed (early

reflection). It may also reflect repeatedly in a complicated

manner before reaching the ear (subsequent reverberation).

A human is able to perceive the size and shape of a location

based on the various sounds heard in this way. The specific

acoustic space of a particular building is called a sound

field.

■ Dolby Surround

In movie theaters and in live theaters, the spectators are

surrounded by many speakers and sound effects geared to

each scene are used to make sound move from front to back

and right to left. This gives the sound a three dimensional

feel that surrounds the entire body. Dolby Surround is used

to implement this realistic effect. Originally, the Dolby

Surround system consisted of a total of four channels: two

front channels (right and left), one center channel, and one

rear channel. Later, two-channel stereo compatibility was

added to for broadcast and video media used in the home.

The ability to easily set up a home AV system capable of

stereo reproduction is one of the biggest features of Dolby

Surround.

■ Dolby Digital

Dolby Digital consists of a total of five channels: three front

channels (left, center and right) and two rear channels (right

and left), plus a distinct LFE channel for low frequency

effect. It is therefore commonly referred to as a 5.1 channel

system. Using digital compression technology for all 5.1

channels, Dolby Digital can be used for completely

independent audio reproduction. Dolby Digital offers

superior sound separation between each channels and a

more three dimensional surround effect in comparison to the

older Dolby Surround, which mixes four channels (three

front and one rear) into two-channel stereo and separates

them using a matrix circuit.

■ DTS (Digital Theater Systems)

Digital Surround

DTS was developed to replace the analog soundtracks of

movies with six discrete channels of digital soundtracks,

and it is now installed in many theaters around the world.

The DTS digital playback system changed the way we

experienced movies in theaters with six discrete channels of

superb digital audio.

GLOSSARY

DTS technology, through intense research and development

has made it possible to deliver similar encode/decode

discrete technology to home audio surround-sound

entertainment.

DTS Digital Surround is an encode/decode system which

delivers six channels of master-quality, 20-bit audio;

technically, it is 5.1 channels, which means 5 full-range

(left, center, right and two surround) channels, plus a

subwoofer (LFE) channel (as “0.1”). It is compatible with

the 5.1 speaker configurations that are currently available

for home theater systems.

■ Virtual surround

We basically perceive the direction from which sounds

come to us based on the difference in time they reach the

right and left ears and differences in sound level. Virtual

technology is based on this property of the human ear. A

DSP (digital sound field processor — a form of digital

signal processing) and right and left main speakers are used

so that the listener feels like he or she is hearing sounds that

come from virtual speakers located in directions other than

just the two physical speakers. This allows the listener to

experience surround effects as if rear speakers were present

as in a five-speaker system.

■ YAMAHA DSP (Digital Sound Field

Processor)

YAMAHA technicians traveled to world famous concert

halls, opera houses and other locations just to measure

acoustical information such as the direction, intensity, band

characteristics, and delay time of reflected sounds. This

wealth of information was then put on a ROM.

Using a built-in YAMAHA DSP (digital sound field

processor) to create sound fields, this unit allows you to

freely select various sound field programs created from this

actual acoustical data so that you can reproduce the sound

field of concert halls and live houses right in your listening

room.

Movie makers design sounds for a movie so that the sound

and screen become one. Dialog is positioned right on the

screen, sound effects behind the screen, music behind that,

and surround effects wrap around the audience.

CINEMA DSP is a program for use in AV reproduction that

has evolved from YAMAHA DSP. Fusing the movie sound

decoders, Dolby Pro Logic, Dolby Digital and DTS, with

YAMAHA DSP, allows you to reproduce the type of

surround sound field of the quality found on a dubbing stage

designed to optimize movie surround conditions. (A

dubbing stage is the final mix used to complete the final

sound design for a movie.)

By adding YAMAHA DSP processing to both the right and

left front channels and the center channel, the CINEMA

DSP program wraps the audience in a surround sound field

that not only makes dialog real, but penetrates and

surrounds the screen to give depth to sound effects and

music as well as a smooth sense of movement to sound

sources.

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