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Suse openSUSE 12.2 Manual

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of the boot process. Therefore, the rst 512 bytes on the rst hard disk are referred
to as the Master Boot Record (MBR). The boot loader then passes control to the ac-
tual operating system, in this case, the Linux Kernel. More information about GRUB,
the Linux boot loader, can be found in Chapter 9, The Boot Loader GRUB (page 155).
For a network boot, the BIOS acts as the boot loader. It gets the boot image from the
boot server and starts the system. This is completely independent of local hard disks.
3.
Kernel and initramfs To pass system control, the boot loader loads both the
Kernel and an initial RAM-based le system (initramfs) into memory. The
contents of the initramfs can be used by the Kernel directly. initramfs contains
a small executable called init that handles the mounting of the real root le system.
If special hardware drivers are needed before the mass storage can be accessed, they
must be in initramfs. For more information about initramfs, refer to Sec-
tion 7.1.1, “initramfs” (page 129). If the system does not have a local hard disk,
the initramfs must provide the root le system for the Kernel. This can be done
with the help of a network block device like iSCSI or SAN, but it is also possible to
use NFS as the root device.
NOTE: The init Process Naming
Two different programs are commonly named “init”:
a.
the initramfs process mounting the root lesystem
b. the operating system process setting up the system
In this chapter we will therefore refer to them as “init on initramfs”
and “systemd”, respectively.
4.
init on initramfs This program performs all actions needed to mount the
proper root le system. It provides Kernel functionality for the needed le system
and device drivers for mass storage controllers with udev. After the root le system
has been found, it is checked for errors and mounted. If this is successful, the
initramfs is cleaned and the systemd daemon on the root le system is executed.
For more information about init on initramfs, refer to Section 7.1.2, “init on
initramfs” (page 130). Find more information about udev in Chapter 12, Dynamic
Kernel Device Management with udev (page 207).
128 Reference
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