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Suse openSUSE 12.2 Manual

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An exception to this rule is PAM (pluggable authentication modules). openSUSE
uses PAM in the authentication process as a layer that mediates between user
and application. On a 64-bit operating system that also runs 32-bit applications
it is necessary to always install both versions of a PAM module.
To be executed correctly, every application requires a range of libraries. Unfortunately,
the names for the 32-bit and 64-bit versions of these libraries are identical. They must
be differentiated from each other in another way.
To retain compatibility with the 32-bit version, the libraries are stored at the same place
in the system as in the 32-bit environment. The 32-bit version of libc.so.6 is located
under /lib/libc.so.6 in both the 32-bit and 64-bit environments.
All 64-bit libraries and object les are located in directories called lib64. The 64-bit
object les that you would normally expect to nd under /lib and /usr/lib are
now found under /lib64 and /usr/lib64. This means that there is space for the
32-bit libraries under /lib and /usr/lib, so the lename for both versions can re-
main unchanged.
Subdirectories of 32-bit /lib directories which contain data content that does not de-
pend on the word size are not moved. This scheme conforms to LSB (Linux Standards
Base) and FHS (File System Hierarchy Standard).
6.2 Software Development
A biarch development tool chain allows generation of 32-bit and 64-bit objects. The
default is to compile 64-bit objects. It is possible to generate 32-bit objects by using
special ags. For GCC, this special ag is -m32.
All header les must be written in an architecture-independent form. The installed 32-
bit and 64-bit libraries must have an API (application programming interface) that
matches the installed header les. The normal openSUSE environment is designed ac-
cording to this principle. In the case of manually updated libraries, resolve these issues
yourself.
124 Reference
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