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6.2.2. Bar End Shifters
With Shimano and Campagnolo bar end shifters for triathlon and time
trial use the shifter is pressed downward to move the chain to the small-
er sprockets to achieve a higher gear and to the smaller chainrings to
achieve a lower gear. By pulling upward the shifter you shift to the larger
sprockets in the rear and to the larger chainrings in the front.
The shifting of a gear lever is communicated to the rear derailleur via
Bowden cable. Then the rear derailleur swivels, causing the chain to climb
onto the next sprocket. It is therefore important when changing gears to
continue pedalling smoothly without force as long as the chain is moving
between sprockets or chainrings! On today’s bicycles there are, however,
special guides in the chainrings which allow for changing gears under
force. Shifting gears under load shortens, however, the service life of your
chain considerably.
Furthermore, this can lead to a chain-suck, i.e. the chain can get jammed
between chainstay and chainrings. Therefore, avoid shifting gears while
pedalling with force, in particular when changing gears with the front
derailleur.
Road and cyclocross bicycles are usually fitted with two or three chain-
rings and up to eleven sprockets at the rear wheel hub. According to the
combination this provides nominally a gear with 18, 20, 22, 27 or 30
speeds. Some gears with particular chain run should be avoided. Gears
with an extremely oblique run of the chain may cause noises and result
in an increased inner friction, which reduces the power transmission effi-
ciency and hastens wear of the chain.
An unfavourable run of the chain is when the smallest chainring (front
derailleur) is used with one of the two or three outermost (smallest)
sprockets (rear derailleur) or when the largest chainring is used with one
of the inmost (largest) sprockets.
The Gears
Note:
Avoid gears which involve
an extremely oblique run of
the chain.
Danger:
Shifting gears under load,
i.e. while pedalling hard, can
make the chain slip. At the
front derailleur the chain may
even slip o the chainrings
when shifting under load.
Furthermore, this can lead to
a chain-suck, i.e. the chain
can get jammed between
chainstay and chainrings. This
can result in a fall. This will
at least shorten the service
life of the chain and damage
the frame.
34


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