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6. The Gears
The gears on your bicycle serve to adjust your pedalling power to the
terrain you are riding on and the desired speed. The gears do not re-
duce the physical work to be performed which remains the same with
the identical distance to be performed at identical speed, but the ped-
alling force per crank rotation. That means: A low gear (where in the
case of derailleur gears the chain runs on the small chainring and a large
sprocket) allows you to climb steep hills with moderate pedalling force.
You must, however, pedal relatively fast.
High gears (large chainring, small sprocket) are for riding downhill.
Every turn of the pedals takes you many metres forward at correspond-
ingly high speed.
To ride economically you frequently have to shift gears. As with a motor
vehicle, your “engine” wants to be kept within a certain speed range, if
it is to give its best performance. On level ground your pedalling speed,
also referred to as cadence, should be higher than 60 strokes a minute.
Racing cyclists pedal at a rate between 90 and 110 strokes a minute on
level ground. When climbing uphill, your cadence will naturally fall off
somewhat. Your pedalling should, however, always remain fluid.
Finely graduated adjustments as well as an easy operability of modern
bike gears are the best preconditions for an efficient riding. In addition,
it reduces chain and sprocket wear as well as the strain on your knee
joints.
6.1. Derailleur Gears
Derailleur gears are currently the most effective type of power trans-
mission on bicycles. About 97 to 98 percent of the pedalling force
performed is transmitted to the rear wheel with well-maintained and
greased derailleur gears.
With specially designed sprocket teeth, flexible chains and clear-cut le-
ver positions, shifting gears has become very easy. Most systems have
an indicator on the handlebars showing the currently used gear.
The Gears
6.1.1. Functioning and Operation
Gear shifting is initiated by actuating a shifter, a combined brake and
gear lever unit or by a short turn of the wrist with the twist grip.
Caution:
Be sure to always wear
straight cut trousers or use
trouser clips or the like to
make sure your trousers
do not get caught in the
chain or the chainrings thus
provoking a fall.
28


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