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ऱףᓂᐋΔࡵᠦՄࢨ Մ࿇נ᧯ऱچֱΖ
ᢴׂՂऱ ۆৃࢨਐెױشਫຌპᛘऱᢴᙰ ؒࢨᢴᙰ堚ᑥΔ ൫֊ ֎ش
ᄫᕪΕࢨࠡהڶᖲ堚ᑥᕪΖ
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㥉ὤ㤵㢬 ㇠㟝㡸 㠸䚨 ㇠㟝㣄 㥉㢌 ⯜☐ ㏘㠸㾌⪰ ⅸ㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼␘ ㇠㟝㣄
㥉㢌 ⯜☐ᴴ 䁐㫸 ㇵ䈐⇌ & 䝭㡴 & 㢌 ㉘㥉㢰 ⚀⏈ 䔠䀘㏘ ⫠䉤 ㏘㠸㾌ᴴ
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86% '2&. 㡴 ᴵᴵ㢌 ⫼㟨䏬㜄 ㇠㟝 ╔ ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘ 㐔㢌 ⥀㪼 ⫼㟨䏬㜄
ㇵ㢅䚌⏈ 86% '2 &. 㡸 ㇠㟝䚌㐐ὤ ⵈ⣁⏼ ␘ ␘⪬ ⫼㟨䏬⪰ 86% '2&. 㜄
㇠㟝䚌㐘 ㍌ 㛺㏩⏼␘
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㋀䁇㡸 ⺸⫠䚔 ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘
Ἤ⤻᷀ 䚌ὤ 㠸䚨
⭰㤴 䏬⢰㢨䔠☐ ⥀㪼 Ḕ㥉⺴㢌
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❄䚐 ⢱ 㣙㾌⪰ Ḕ㥉㐐䇠 ⚀⏈ ⥀㪼ᴴ ─㙸ᴴ㫴 㙾⓸⦑ ␜␜䢼 㦤㜠
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㾨⮈⢰㜄 ⥀㪼⪰ 㣙㵝䚔 ⚀
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⥀㪼⦐ ㇠㟝䚔 ㍌ 㢼㏩⏼␘
㠸㜄 㛬Ἵ═ 䊈⤼ 䀜ⶸ䉤 㢨㞬㢌 ᶷ㡴 ㇠㟝䚌㫴 ⫼㐡㐐㝘
'6/5 㾨⮈⢰㝴 䚜 ㇠㟝䚔 ᷱ㟤 㤴䢠⏈ '* ⶸ㤸㢌 $SR 7 HOH &RQYHUWHU ⪰
䚜 ㇠㟝䚌㐐Ὤ Ề㣙䚝⏼ ␘
㾨⮈⢰㜄 µFRQWUDVWGHWH FW¶$)⯜☐ᴴ 㢼㡰⮨ ⢰㢨⽀ ⼤⪰ 䋩䚨 㝘䋔 䔠䀘㏘⪰
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䙸䉤 ㇠㟝
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䞈⮨㨰ⷴ ṅ⣽㤴䚌 ⵝ㫴⪰ 㠸䚌㜠
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Ḵ⫠ 㼜Ἵㇵ 㢌 㨰㢌
㏩ὤ⏈ Ḥ䑕㢨 ⵃ 䞈㢌 㠄㢬㢨 ╝⏼␘ 㣙ὤᴸ ㇠㟝䚌㫴 㙾㡸 ᷱ㟤 ᶨ㦤㥐㝴
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ḧ㜄㉐ 䚜 ⸨Ḵ䚌㫴 ⬄㙸 㨰㐡㐐㝘
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㢨 ⥀㪼⏈ ⵝ㍌Ạ㦤ᴴ 㙸⏼⦐ 㟤㷐 ⵃ Ɒᴴ 㨰㠸㜄㉐ ㇠㟝 㐐 Ɒὤ 㜄 㥊㫴
㙾⓸⦑ 㨰㢌 ⵈ⣁⏼␘
Ἵᷝ䚐 㝜⓸ ⷴ䞈㜄 㢌䚨 ⥀㪼 ⇨⺴㜄 Ɒⵝ㟬㢨 ⵐ ㈑䚌⦐ 㵜ᴴ㟨 㞬⺴㜄㉐
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Ȼɥɚɝɨ ɞɚɪɢɦ ɜɚɫ ɡɚ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ ɮɢɪɦɵ 6LJPD ɑɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫ ɢɦɭɦ
ɨɬ ɜɚɲɟɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ 6LJPD ɩɨɠɚɥɭɣɫɬɚ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɩɟɪɟɞ
ɧɚɱɚɥɨɦ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ
ɈɉɂɋȺɇɂȿ ɑȺɋɌȿɃ ɈȻɔȿɄɌɂȼȺ Ɋɂɋ
ĬɊɟɡ ɶ ɛ ɚ ɩ ɨɞ ɮ ɢ ɥ ɶ ɬ ɪ
ĭɄɨɥɶɰɨ ɡɭɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ĮɎɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɨ ɱɧɨɟ ɤ ɨɥɶɰɨ
įɒɤɚɥɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ
İɅɢɧɢɹ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɮɨɤ ɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɢ
ɮɨɤɭɫɧɨɝ ɨ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ
ıȻɚɣɨɧɟ ɬ
IJɉɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟ ɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɮɨɤ ɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ
ijɈɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɬɟɥɶ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ
Ĵ
ɉɟɪɟɤɥɸɱ ɚɬɟ ɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚ ɰɢɢ26
ĵɉɟ ɪɟ ɤ ɥɸɱ ɚɬɟɥ ɶ ɩ ɨɥɶ ɡɨ ɜɚɬɟɥ ɶɫ ɤɢ ɯ
ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ
Ķɉɥɨɳɚɞɤ ɚ ɩɨɞ ɲɬɚɬɢɜ
ķȻɥɟɧɞɚ
ȾɅə ɄȺɆȿɊ Ɍɂ ɉȺ1,.21$ )
Ⱦɚɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɛɭ ɞɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɮɢɪɦɵ 1LNRQ ɫɟɪɢɢ * ɛɟɡ
ɤɨɥɶɰɚ ɭɩɪɚɜ ɥɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɨɣ ȼ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɢɫɩɨ ɥɶɡɭɟɦɨɣ ɦɨ ɞɟ ɥɢ
ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɭ ɬɶ ɧɟɤ ɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɨɦ
ɄɊȿɉɅȿɇɂȿ Ʉ Ʉ ȺɆȿɊȿ
Ʉɨɝ ɞɚ ɨɛ ɴɟɤɬɢɜ 6LJPD ɭ ɫɬɚɧɨɜ ɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ ɨɧ ɚɜɬɨɦɚ ɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟ ɬ
ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɬɶ ɤ ɚɤ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɣ ɪɨɞɧɨɣɲɬɚ ɬɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ
Ŧɇɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɚɣɨɧɟ ɬɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɦɟɯ ɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɵ
ɉɪɨɫɢɦ ɜɚɫ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚ ɬɶ ɢɯ ɜ ɱɢɫɬɨɬɟ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɜɟɪɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ
ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɨɛ ɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɢ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɨɜ
ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɣɬɟ ɱɬɨ ɜɵ ɫɬɚɜɢ ɬɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɟɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɢɦ ɤ ɨɧɰɨɦ ɜɧɢɡ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ
ɫɦɟɧɵ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɚ
ɍɋ Ɍ ȺɇɈȼɄȺ ɊȿɀɂɆȺ ɈɌɊ ȺȻɈɌɄɂ ɗɄɋɉɈɁɂɐ ɂɂ
Ʉɨɝ ɞɚ ɨɛ ɴɟɤɬɢɜ 6LJPD ɭ ɫɬɚɧɨɜ ɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ ɨɧ ɚɜɬɨɦɚ ɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟ ɬ
ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɬɶ ɤ ɚɤ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɣ ɪɨɞɧɨɣɲɬɚ ɬɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɋɦ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɸ ɤ ɤ ɚɦɟɪɟ
ɎɈɄ ɍɋɂɊɈȼɄȺ ɂ ɂɁɆȿɇȿ ɇɂȿ ɎɈɄ ɍɋɇɈȽɈ Ɋ ȺɋɋɌ ɈəɇɂəɁ ɍɆɂɊɈȼ Ⱥɇɂȿ
ȼ ɷɬɨɬ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧ Ƚ ɢɩɟɪ Ɂɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ Ɇɨɬɨɪ +\SHU 6RQLF 0RWRU +60 ɗɬɨɬ
ɦɨɬɨɪ ɞɚɺɬ ɜɨɡɦɨ ɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɣ ɢ ɛɟɫɲɭɦɧɨɣ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭ ɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ
䇶6, *0 $ $) ɢ &$1 21 $) 䇷
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ $)ɪɢɫ Ⱦɥɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɪɭɱɧɨɦ
ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ± ɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɧɶɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ Ɇ
Ɍɟɩɟɪɶ ɜɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɪɚɳɚɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ
䇶1,.21$) 䇷
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ $) ɪɢɫ Ⱦɥɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɪɭɱɧɨɦ
ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ± ɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɧɶɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ Ɇ
Ɍɟɩɟɪɶ ɜɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɪɚɳɚɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ
ŦɁɚ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɟɣ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɤ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɤ ɜɚɲɟɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɟ
ŦɈɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɫ ɛɚɣɨɧɟ ɬɨɦ 1LNRQ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜ ɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ
ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭ ɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɭ ɥɶ ɬɪɚɡɜɭɤɨɜɵɟ
ɦɨɬɨɪɵ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɚ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɜɨ ɞ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɞɥɹ +60
ȿɫɥɢ ɤɚɦɟɪɚ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟ ɬ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɜɨɞ ɮɨɤ ɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ
ɚɜɬɨɦɚ ɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɧɚɜɨɞɤɚ ɧɚ ɪɟɡɤɨɫɬɶ ɛɭ ɞɟɬ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɚ
Ŧɗɬɨɬ ɨɛɴ ɟɤɬɢɜ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟ ɬ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ©$)ªȾɥɹ
ɷɬɨɝ ɨ ɤɚɦɟɪɚ ɞɨ ɥɠɧɚ ɧɚɯ ɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɨɞɧɨɤɚɞɪɨɜɨɣ ɫɴɺɦɤɢ ɑɬɨɛɵ
ɫɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɚ ɬɶɫɹ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɧɚɞɨ ɞɨɠɞɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɤɚ ɡɚɤɨɧɱɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ
ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭ ɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɩɨɥɭ ɩɪɢɠɚɬɢɹ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɫɩɭɫɤ ɚ ɡɚɬɜ ɨɪɚ
Ŧȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɦɨɤ ɦɟɯ ɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɧɟ ɜɪɚɳɚɣɬɟ
ɤɨɥɶɰɨ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɛɨ ɬɟ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɜɬɨɦɚ ɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɮɨɤ ɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ
ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢ ɟ ɮ ɨɤɭɫɧɨɝ ɨ ɪɚɫɫɬɨ ɹɧɢɹɡɭ ɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ȼɪɚɳɚɣɬɟ ɤɨɥɶɰɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ ɩɨɤ ɚ ɧɟ
ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɢɬɟ ɧɭɠɧɵɯ ɝɪɚɧɢɰ ɤɚɞɪɚ
ɈȽɊ ȺɇɂɑɂɌȿɅɖ ȾɂɋɌ Ⱥɇɐɂɂ ɎɈɄɍɋɂɊɈȼɄ ɂ
Ɉɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɫɧɚɛɠɺɧ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɬɟ ɥɟɦ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɤɨɬ ɨɪɵɣ ɩɨ ɡɜɨ ɥɹɟɬ
ɥɢɦɢɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɚɜ ɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟɪɢɫ
ȼɨɡɦɨɠɟɧ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɬɪɺɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ
ä ɉɨɥɧɵɣ )8// Ɇɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢa Đ
ä ɦa Đ
ä Ɇɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɢɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢaɦ
ȼɈɁ Ɇ Ɉɀɇ Ɉ ɋɌ ɂ Ɉɉ Ɍ ɂɑ ȿ ɋɄ Ɉ ȽɈ ɋɌȺȻɂ Ʌ ɂ ɁȺɌɈɊ Ⱥ 2 6
Ɉɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɫɧɚɛɠɺɧ Ɉɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɋɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚ ɬɨɪɨɦ 26ɞɥɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ
ɫɦɚɡɵɜɚ ɧɢɹ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɨ ɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɨɬɪɹɫɟ ɧɢɣ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ
Ȼɥɚɝɨ ɞɚɪɹ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚ ɬɨɪɭ ɜɵ ɫɦɨɠ ɟ ɬɟ ɞɨɛɢɜ ɚɬɶɫɹ ɪɟɡɤɨɝɨ
ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɫ ɴɺɦɤɟ ɫ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɤɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɫɬɭɩɟɧɢ ɦɟɞɥɟɧɧɟɟ ɱɟɦ ɟɫɥɢ ɛ ɵ
ɜɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɥɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɛɟ ɡ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ
ɍ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟ ɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ 26 ɜ ɩɨ ɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ 0RGH
ɪɢɫ ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɫɩɭɫɤ ɚ ɡɚ ɬɜɨɪɚ ɧɚɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɭ ɢ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ
ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɡ ɚɬɟɦ
ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɫɩɭɫɤɚ ɡɚɬɜ ɨɪɚ
Ɉɤɨɧɱɚɬɟ ɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɩɪɢɛ ɥɢɡɢɬɟ ɥɶɧɨ ɫɟɤɭɧɞɭ
ɩɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɠɚ ɬɢɹ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ ɫɩɭɫɤɚ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɚ ɧɚɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɭ ȼ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ
0RGH ɨɩɪɟɞɟ ɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɢ ɤɨɦɩɟɧɫɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɨ ɬɪɹɫɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɚɦɟɪɵ
ɗɬɨɬ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜ ɟɧ ɞɥɹ ɫɴɺɦɤɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɞɜɢɝ ɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ
ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢ ɬɟ ɥɶɧɨ ɤ ɚɦɟɪɵ
ŦɄɨɦɩɟɧɫɚɰɢɹ ɫɞɜɢɝɨɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚ ɬɨɪɨɦ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɚ ɩɪɢ
ɫɴɺɦɤɟ ɫ ɪɭɤ ȼ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹɯ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɢɠɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɚ
ɦɨɠɟ ɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟɭɞɨɜ ɥɟ ɬɜɨɪɢɬɟ ɥɶɧɨɣ
ƒ ɋɴɺɦɤɚ ɫ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪ ɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɚɜ ɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ
ƒ ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟ ɥɶɧɵɯ ɫ ɨɬɪ ɹɫɟɧɢɣ ɢɥɢ ɫɞɜɢɝɨɜ ɤ ɚɦɟɪɵ
Ŧɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ
ƒ ȿɫɥɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɺɧ ɧɚ ɲɬɚɬɢɜ ɟ ƒ ɉɪɢ ɞɥɢɧɧɵɯ ɜɵɞɟɪɤɚɯ
ŦɈɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɩɢɬɚɟ ɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɤ ɚɦɟɪɵ ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜ ɚɧɢɢ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɧɚ
ɤɨɬɨɪɭ ɸ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜ ɥɟɧ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɫ ɜɤɥɸɱɺɧɧɵɦ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɦ
ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬ ɫɹ ɟɫɥɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɜɚ ɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɫ
ɨɛɵɱɧɵɦ ɨɛ ɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɦ ȿɫɥɢ ɧɟɬ ɧɟɨɛ ɯɨ ɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨ ɜɚ ɬɶ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚ ɬɨɪ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬ ɟ ɥɶ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
2))ȼɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨ ɥɢɬ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɬɶ ɢɡɥɢɲɧɟɝɨ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɛɚ ɬɚɪɟɣ
Ŧɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɢɥɢ ɫɧɹɬɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɚ ɫ ɤ ɚɦɟɪɵ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚ ɬɟɥɶ
ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɯɨɞ ɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɨ ɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ2))
Ŧȿɫɥɢ ɜɵ ɩɪɟɤɪɚ ɬɢɥɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜ ɚɬɶ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɫɩɭɫɤɚ ɡɚ ɬɜɨɪɚ ɜ ɩɨɥɭɧɚɠɚɬɨɦ
ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɩɪɨɞɨ ɥɠɚɟ ɬ ɫɜɨɸ ɪɚɛɨ ɬɭ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ
ɩɨɤɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɮɨɬɨɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɨɬɨɛɪɚ ɠɚɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢ ɷɤɫɩɨɡɢɰɢɢ ȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɢ
ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɧɟ ɢɡɜɥɟɤɚɣɬɟ ɛɚ ɬɚɪɟɣ ɢɡ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɢ ɧɟ ɫɧɢɦɚɣɬɟ ɫ
ɧɟɺ ɨɛ ɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɟɫɥɢ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɧɚɯɨ ɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ
Ŧɇɟ ɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɮɨɬɨɝɪɚɮɢ ɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɜ ɤɥɸɱɺɧɧɵɦ
ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ
ɫɪɚɡɭ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɫɴɺɦɤɢ ɤɚɞɪɚ ɢɥɢ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɡɚɪɹɞɤɢ ɜɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɤɚɦɟɪɭ
ɜɫɩɵɲɤɢ ɷɬɨ ɧɟ ɫɤ ɚɡɵɜɚɟ ɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɦɵɯ ɮɨɬɨɝɪɚɮɢɹɯ
Ŧȿɫɥɢ ɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɛɵɥɨ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɨ ɢɥɢ ɨɛɟɤɬɢɜ ɛɵɥ ɫɧɹɬ ɫ ɤɚɦɟɪɵ ɜ ɨ
ɜɪɟɦɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤ ɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚ ɬɨɪɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɡɞɚɜ ɚɬɶ
ɞɪɟɛɟ ɡɠɚɳɢɣ ɡɜɭɤ ɗɬɨ ɬ ɡɜɭɤ ɧɟ ɹɜɥ ɹɟɬ ɫɹ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɨɦ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ
Ŧɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɜ ɜ ɛɚɣɨɧɟ ɬɧɵɯ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹɯ 1LNRQ ɢ &DQRQɫ
ɩɥɟɧɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɤ ɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ 26
ɛɭ ɞɟɬ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɚɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɦɨɞɟ ɥɟɣ)ɢ&DQRQ(269
ɉȿɊȿɄɅɘɑȺ ɌȿɅɖ ɉɈɅɖɁ Ɉȼ Ⱥ ɌȿɅɖɋɄɂɏ ɊȿɀɂɆɈȼ
ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭ ɹ 86%ɞɨɤ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɸ ɩɪɨɞɚɟ ɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɞɟɥɶɧɨ ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟ ɱɟɧɢɟ
6,*0$ 2SWLPL]DWLRQ 3UR ɜɵ ɦɨɠɟ ɬɟ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶ ɧɨ ɨɫɭɳ ɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ
ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɚɜɬ ɨɮɨɤɭɫɚ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɬɟ ɥɹ ɡɨɧɵ ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ IRFXV OLPLWHUɢ ɨɩɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ
ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɚɬ ɨɪɚ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ 26 ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɨɛ ɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɸɬɫɹ
ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚ ɬɟ ɥɟɦ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜ ɚɬɟ ɥɶɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ&XVWRP 0RGH6ZLWFK Ⱦɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ
ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɨ ɩɨɞɤɥɸ ɱɟɧɢɢ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɢ ɤ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɭ ɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɤ
ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɣɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɪɚɡɞɟ ɥ©ɋɩɪɚɜɤ ɚª ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ6,*0$ 2SWLPL]DWLRQ3UR
Ŧɉɪɢ ɩɨɜɫɟɞɧɟɜɧɨɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɞɟɪɠɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚ ɬɟɥ ɶ
ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚ ɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟ ɧɧɵɦ ɉɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚ ɬɟɥɶ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɬɟ ɥɹ ɡɨɧɵ
ɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɧɟ ɮɭ ɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɟ ɬ ɟɫɥɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚ ɬɟ ɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɢ
ɭɫɬ ɚɧ ɨɜɥɟ ɧ ɫ ɋ ɢɥɢ ɋ ɪɢɫ
Ŧ86%ɞɨɤ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦɚ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɨɩɪɟ ɞɟ ɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɛ ɚɣɨɧɟ ɬɨɦ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ
ɉɨɠɚɥɭɣɫɬɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɸ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɟɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɜ ɞɥɹ
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚ ɱɟɧɚ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɨɛ ɴɟɤɬɢɜɵ ɫ ɛɚɣɨɧɟ ɬɨɦ&DQRQ 1LNRQ
6LJPD ɢ ɬ ɞ
Ŧɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɭ 6,*0$ 2SWLPL]DWLRQ 3UR ɦɨɠɧɨ ɛɟɫɩɥɚɬɧɨ ɡɚɝɪɭɡɢɬɶ ɫ ɜ ɟɛɫɚɣɬɚ
KWWSZZZVLJPDJOREDOFRPGRZ QORDG
ɒɌ Ⱥ ɌɂȼɇȺə ɉ ɅɈɓȺȾɄ Ⱥ ɂ ɄɊȿɉɅȿɇɂȿ
Ɉɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɫɧɚɛɠɺɧ ɲɬɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɉɪɢ ɨɫɜ ɨɛɨɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɛɥɨɤɢɪɭ ɸɳɟɝɨ
ɜɢɧɬɚ ɧɚ ɤɪɟɩɥ ɟɧɢɢ ɨɛ ɴɟɤ ɬɢɜ ɫ ɤɚɦɟɪɨɣ ɦɨɠ ɟ ɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɜɺɪɧ ɭɬ ɞɥɹ
ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɤ ɚɞɪɚɪɢɫ
ɋɇəɌɂȿ ɒɌ Ⱥ ɌɂȼɇɈȽɈ ɄɊȿɉɅȿɇɂə
ɉɪɢ ɠɟɥɚɧɢɢ ɲɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɟ ɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɧɹɬɨ ɫ ɨɛ ɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɞɥɹ ɛɨ ɥɟɟ
ɭɞɨɛɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝ ɨ ɨɫɜɨɛɨ ɞɢɬɟ ɛɥɨɤɢɪ ɭɸɳɢɣ ɜɢɧɬ ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ
ɨɬɦɟ ɬɤ ɭ ɧɚ ɲɬɚ ɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɫ ɦɟɬɤɨɣ 5(029( ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɟ ɪɢɫ
Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɩɨɬɹɧɢɬɟ ɲɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɤ ɚɡɚɧɧɨɦ ɧɚ ɪɢɫɢ
ɫɧɢɦɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ
ŦȾɥɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɲɬɚɬɢɜ ɧɨɝɨ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɟ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɢ
ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɟ ɜɵɲɟ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ
Ŧɍ ɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɣ ɬɟ ɲɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɬɨ ɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɟɝɨ ɫɧɹɬɢɹ ɢɥɢ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ȼ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ
ɦɨɠɟ ɬ ɫɨɫɤɨɱɢɬɶ ɫ ɨɛ ɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɚ ɢ ɜɵɡɜɚ ɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɩɚɞɟɧɢ ɟ Ɂɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɣ ɬɟ ɛɥɨɤɢɪ ɭɸɳɢɣ
ɜɢɧɬ ɜɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɚ
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ȿɫɥɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɧɚ ɤ ɚɦɟɪɭ ɲɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɤ ɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬ ɶ ɫɧɹɬɨ
ɎɈɌɈȽɊ ȺɎɂɊɈȼȺ ɇ ɂȿ ɋ ɄɈɇ ȼȿɊɌȿɊ ȺɆɂ
ɗɬɨɬ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚ ɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪ ɬɟɪɚɦɢ 6LJPD $32 7 HOH
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Ŧɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪ ɬɟɪɵ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɢɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟ ɥɟɣ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɨɛ ɴɟɤɬɢɜ
ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɢɦ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɬɟɥɟɤɨɧɜɟɪ ɬɟɪɚɦɢ6LJPD
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Ɇɵ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦ ɢɫɩɨ ɥɶɡɨ ɜɚɬ ɶ'*$32 7 HOH&RQYHUWHUɫ ɰɢɮɪɨɜɵɦɢ ɡɟɪɤɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ
ɤɚɦɟɪɚɦɢ
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ȼ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɟ ɠɢɜ ɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɦ ɨɬɪɚ/L YH9LHZ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧ ɨ ɢɫɩ ɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜ ɤɢ
ɟɫɥɢ ɤ ɚɦɟɪɚ ɧɚɯɨ ɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɩɨ ɦɟɬ ɨɞɭ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɫɬɧɨɣ
ɞɟɬɟɤɰɢɢ
ȻɅȿ ɇȾ Ⱥ
Ȼɥɟɧɞɚ ɛɚɣɨɧɟ ɬɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟ ɬɫɹ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɨɦ Ȼɥɟɧɞɚ ɩɨɦɨɝɚɟɬ
ɩɪɟɞɨ ɬɜɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɡɚ ɫɜɟ ɬɤɭ ɢɥɢ ɛ ɥɢɤɢ ɧɚ ɫɧɢɦɤɟ ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɹɪɤɢɦ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɡɚ
ɩɪɟɞɟ ɥɚɦɢ ɩɨɥɹ ɮ ɨɤɭɫɢɪɨɜɤɢ Ⱦɥɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɛ ɥɟɧɞɵ ɧɚɞɟɧɶ ɬɟ ɟɺ ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɢ
ɩɨɜɟɪɧɢɬɟ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɟ ɩ ɨɤɚ ɨɧɚ ɧɟ ɨɫɬɚɧ ɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɡɚɤɪɭɬɢɬɟ ɜɢɧɬ
ɱɬɨɛɵ ɟɺ ɡɚɮɢɤɫ ɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɪɢɫ
Ŧɞɥɹ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɛ ɥɟɧɞɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɟɪɧɭɬɶ
ɇȺɉɅȿɑɇɕɃ ɊȿɆȿɇɖ
Ɂɚɤɪɟɩɢɬɟ ɧɚɩɥɟɱɧɵɣ ɪɟɦɟɧɶ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɧɚ ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɚɰɢɢ
ɎɂɅɖ ɌɊɕ
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ɉɪɢ ɫɴɺɦɤɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫɩɨ ɥɶɡɨɜɚ ɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɞ ɢɧ ɮɢɥɶ ɬɪ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɢɥɢ
ɛɨɥɟɟ ɮɢɥɶ ɬɪɨɜ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɭ ɜɢɧɶɟɬɢɪɨɜ ɚɧɢɹ
Ŧɉɪɢ ɪɚɛɨ ɬɟ ɫ ɚɜɬɨɮɨɤɭ ɫɧɨɣ ɤ ɚɦɟɪɨɣ ɢ ɫɩɨɥɶɡɭ ɣɬɟ ɩɨɥɹɪɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɮɢɥɶ ɬɪ
ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɪɧɨɝ ɨ ɬɢɩɚ
ɍɏɈ Ⱦ ɂ ɏɊ Ⱥɇȿɇɂȿ
Ŧɇɟ ɩɨ ɞɜɟɪɝ ɚɣɬɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɪɟɡɤɢɦ ɜɫɬɪɹɫɤɚɦ ɪɟ ɡɤ ɨɦɭ ɩɟɪɟɩɚɞɭ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚ ɬɭɪ ɢ
ɜɨɡ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢ
ŦȾɥɹ ɫɬɚɰɢɨɧɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɯɥɚɞɧɨɟ ɫɭɯɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ
ɩɪɟɞɩɨ ɱɬɢɬɟ ɥɶɧɨ ɫ ɯɨɪɨɲɟɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɟɣ ȼɨ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɩɪɨɫɜɟɬ ɥɟɧɢɹ ɥɢɧɡ ɨ ɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɯɪɚɧɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɜɞɚ ɥɢ ɨɬ ɧɚ ɮɬɚɥɢɧɚ ɢ ɞɪ ɚɧɬɢɦɨɥɟɣ
Ŧɇɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɬɟ ɥɶ ɛɟɧɡɢɧ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɱɢɫɬɹɳɢɟ
ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɶ ɥɢɧɡɨɜɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟ ɦɹɝɤɭɸ ɜɥɚɠɧɭɸ
ɬɤɚɧɶ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɬɢɤɢ
ŦɈɛɴɟɤɬɢɜ ɧɟ ɜɨ ɞɨɧɟɩɪɨɧɢɰɚɟɦ ɉɪ ɢ ɢɫɩɨ ɥɶɡɨɜɚ ɧɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɜɛɥɢɡɢ ɜɨɞɵ
ɢɥɢ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɞɨɠɞɹ ɡ ɚɳɢɬɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɨ ɬ ɧɚɦɨɤɚɧɢɹ Ɉɛɵɱɧɨ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ
ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɥɢɧɡ ɨɛ ɴɟɤ ɬɢɜɚ ɢ
ɨɤɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɦɨɧɬɭ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚ ɬ
ŦɊɟ ɡɤɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɩɚɞɵ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɵɡɜɚɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬ ɭɦɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ
ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɣ ɥɢɧɡɟ ɨɛ ɴɟɤɬɢɜɚ ɉɨɷ ɬɨɦɭ ɜɯɨ ɞɹ ɜ ɬɺɩɥɨɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɣ
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