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Concepts de photographie
Vitesse d’obturation
La vitesse d’obturation est définie par la durée nécessaire à l’ouverture
et à la fermeture de l’obturateur. Dans le cadre de la luminosité d’une
photo, la vitesse d’obturation constitue un facteur important car elle
contrôle la quantité de lumière qui passe à travers l’ouverture avant
d’atteindre le capteur d’images.
Généralement, la vitesse d’obturation est réglable manuellement. La
mesure de la vitesse d’obturation est connue sous le nom de « Valeur
d’exposition » (EV), qui se caractérise par des intervalles de 1 s, 1/2 s,
1/4 s, 1/8 s, 1/15 s, 1/1 000 s, 1/2 000 s, et ainsi de suite.
Exposition
+1 EV
-1 EV
1 s 1/2 s 1/4 s 1/8 s 1/15 s 1/30 s
Vitesse d’obturation
Par conséquent, plus la vitesse d’obturation est élevée, moins la lumière
pénètrera et plus la vitesse d’obturation est faible, plus la lumière
pénètrera.
Comme présenté sur la photo ci-dessous, une vitesse d’obturation
lente laisse plus de temps à la lumière pour pénétrer, la photo devient
donc plus claire. Par ailleurs, une vitesse d’obturation rapide accorde
moins de temps à la lumière pour pénétrer. La photo devient plus
sombre et immobilise un sujet en mouvement plus facilement.
0,8 s 0,004 s
17


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