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Vitesse d’obturation
La vitesse d’obturation est définie par la durée nécessaire à l’ouverture et à la fermeture de
l’obturateur. Dans le cadre de la luminosité d’une photo, la vitesse dobturation constitue un facteur
important car elle contrôle la quantité de lumière qui passe à travers l’ouverture avant d’atteindre le
capteur d’images.
Généralement, la vitesse d’obturation est réglable manuellement. La mesure de la vitesse
d’obturation est connue sous le nom de «valeur d’exposition» (EV), qui se caractérise par des
intervalles de 1s, 1/2s, 1/4s, 1/8s, 1/15s, 1/1000s, 1/2000s, et ainsi de suite.
+1 EV
1 s 1/2 s 1/4 s 1/8 s 1/15 s 1/30 s
-1 EV
Exposition
Vitesse d’obturation
Par conséquent, plus la vitesse d’obturation est élevée, moins la lumière pénètrera et plus la vitesse
d’obturation est faible, plus la lumière pénètrera.
Comme illustré sur les photos ci-dessous, une vitesse d’obturation lente laisse plus de temps à la
lumière pour pénétrer, la photo devient donc plus claire. À l’inverse, une vitesse dobturation rapide
accorde moins de temps à la lumière pour pénétrer. La photo devient plus sombre et immobilise un
sujet en mouvement plus facilement.
0,8 s 0,004 s
174


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