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EINLEITUNG
Behandlungstheorien
1. Endorphin-Theorie
Bei sehr niedrigen Frequenzen (< 10Hz) verursacht der Reizstrom
überwiegend eine hormonelle Manipulation vegetativer Zentren im
zentralen Nervensystem. Schmerzleitende Fasern werden erregt.
Zentrale Schmerzhemmechanismen und Opioidausschüttung im
Hirnstamm bzw. Zwischenhirn werden ausgelöst, körpereigene
Endorphine und morphinähnliche Substanzen freigesetzt. Diese
wirken wie Schmerzmittel!
2. Gate-Control-Theorie
Reizfrequenzen von > 10Hz entfalten ihre Wirkung hauptsächlich
in den „Dorsalen Hörnen“ des Rückenmarks. Dort wird verhindert,
dass das Schmerzempfinden ins Bewusstsein dringen kann. Fre-
quenzen ab 85 – 100 Hz bis 200 – 250 Hz können an den freien
Nervenenden sowie an symphatischen Nervenfasern Schmerz-
hemmechanismen auslösen.
Diese Theorie ist am Weitesten verbreitet.
Generelle Schmerzanalyse
1. Heller, spitzer oder stechender Schmerz
Frequenzen < 50 Hz bis < 20 Hz anwenden
Impulsbreite möglichst hoch wählen > 150μsec
2. Dumpfer, klopfender Schmerz
Frequenzen > 50 Hz anwenden (i.d.R.)
Impulsbreite so breit wie möglich (das Klopfen bzw. der
Schmerz darf nicht verstärkt werden), das heißt i.d.R. kleine Im-
pulsbreiten < 120μS
Es sollten möglichst keine Muskelanteile mit gereizt werden,
dies kann sonst Muskelkater verursachen!
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