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Metrel MD 9060 Manual

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MD 9060 Digital Multimeter Series Product Description
8
average value by rectifying and filtering the AC signal. The average value is then scaled
upward (calibrated) to read the RMS value of a sine wave. In measuring pure sinusoidal
waveform, this technique is fast, accurate and cost effective. In measuring non-
sinusoidal waveforms, however, significant errors can be introduced because of
different scaling factors relating average to RMS values.
AC True RMS
AC True RMS, normally refers as True RMS, identifies a DMM function that is AC
coupled, and responds accurately only to the effective RMS AC component value
regardless of the waveforms. However, DC component plays an important role in the
distorted non-symmetrical waveforms, and will also be of interest sometimes.
DC+AC True RMS
DC+AC True RMS calculates both of the AC and DC components given by the
expression when making measurements, and can responds
accurately to the total effective RMS value regardless of the waveform. Distorted
waveforms with the presence of DC components and harmonics may cause:
1) Overheated transformers, generators and motors to burn out faster than normal
2) Circuit breakers to trip prematurely
3) Fuses to blow
4) Neutrals to overheat due to the triplen harmonics present on the neutral
5) Bus bars and electrical panels to vibrate
AC-Bandwidth
AC-bandwidth of a DMM is the range of frequencies over which AC measurements can
be made within the specified accuracy. It is not the frequency measurement function,
but is the frequency response of the AC functions. A DMM cannot accurately measure
the AC value with frequency spectrums fall beyond the AC-bandwidth of the DMM.
Therefore, wide AC-bandwidth plays an important role in high performance DMMs. In
reality, complex waveforms, noise and distorted waveforms contain much higher
frequency spectrum than its fundamental.
Crest Factor
Crest Factor is the ratio of the Crest (instantaneous peak) value to the True RMS value,
and is commonly used to define the dynamic range of a True RMS DMM. A pure
sinusoidal waveform has a Crest Factor of 1.4. A badly distorted sinusoidal waveform
normally has a much higher Crest Factor.
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