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Marin Bikes Manual

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44
What to look for:
• ONCE A CRACKS STARTS IT CAN
GROW AND GROW FAST.
Think about the crack as forming a
pathway to failure. This means that any
crack is potentially dangerous and will
only become more dangerous.
SIMPLE RULE 1 :
If you nd crack, replace
the part.
• CORROSSION SPEEDS DAMAGE.
Cracks grow more quickly when they
are in a corrosive environment. Think
about the corrosive solution as further
weakening and extending the crack.
SIMPLE RULE 2 :
Clean your bike,
lubricate your bike,
protect your bike from
salt, remove any salt as
soon as you can.
• STAINS AND DISCOLORATION
CAN OCCUR NEAR A CRACK.
Such staining may be a warning sign
that a crack exists.
SIMPLE RULE 3 :
Inspect and investigate
any staining to see if it is
associated with a crack.
• SIGNIFICANT SCRATCHES,
GOUGES, DENTS OR SCORING
CREATE STARTING POINTS FOR
CRACKS.
Think about the cut surface as a focal
point for stress (in fact engineers call
such areas “stress risers,” areas where
the stress is increased). Perhaps you
have seen glass cut? Recall how the
glass was scored and then broke on
the scored line.
SIMPLE RULE 4 :
Do not scratch, gouge
or score any surface.
If you do, pay frequent
attention to this area or
replace the part.
The basics of metal fatigue
Common sense tells us that nothing that is used lasts forever. The more
you use something, and the harder you use it, and the worse the conditions
you use it in, the shorter its life.
Fatigue is the term used to describe accumulated damage to a part caused
by repeated loading. To cause fatigue damage, the load the part receives
must be great enough. A crude, often-used example is bending a paper
clip back and forth (repeated loading) until it breaks. This simple denition
will help you understand that fatigue has nothing to do with time or age. A
bicycle in a garage does not fatigue. Fatigue happens only through use.
So what kind of “damage” are we talking about? On a microscopic level,
a crack forms in a highly stressed area. As the load is repeatedly applied,
the crack grows. At some point the crack becomes visible to the naked eye.
Eventually it becomes so large that the part is too weak to carry the load
that it could carry without the crack. At that point there can be a complete
and immediate failure of the part.
One can design a part that is so strong that fatigue life is nearly innite.
This requires a lot of material and a lot of weight. Any structure that
must be light and strong will have a nite fatigue life. Aircraft, race cars,
motorcycles all have parts with nite fatigue lives. If you wanted a bicycle
with an innite fatigue life, it would weigh far more than any bicycle sold
today. So we all make a tradeoff: the wonderful, lightweight performance
we want requires that we inspect the structure.
… 44 …


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