31
&4 /- 15%&
ZHUGHQ 'DV .DEHO GDUIDQ
NHLQHU 6WHOOH HLQH
7HPSHUDWXU YRQ PHKU DOV
o& EHU GHU
5DXPWHPSHUDWXUHUUHLFKHQ
'LH6WHFNGRVHRGHUGHU
DOOSROLJH 6FKDOWHU PVVHQ
EHL GHP LQVWDOOLHUWHQ
$SSDUDW OHLFKW]X HUUHLFKHQ
VHLQ
'HU +HUVWHOOHU OHKQW MHGH
9HUDQWZRUWXQJ DE IDOOV
REHQJHQDQQWH$XVIKUXQJ
HQ XQG GLH EOLFKHQ
8QIDOOQRUPHQ QLFKW HLQJH
KDOWHQZHUGHQ
YHQ RS GH UHJLVWUDWLHSODDW 'H
NDEHO PDJ RS JHHQ HQNHO SXQW
HHQ WHPSHUDWXXU EHUHLNHQ GLH
KRJHULVGDQo&ERYHQGHRP
JHYLQJVWHPSHUDWXXU
'HVWHNNHURIVFKDNHODDU
P R H W J H P D N N H O L M N E H
UHLNEDDU ]LMQ DOV GH DSSDUDWXXU
HHQPDDOJHLQVWDOOHHUGLV
'H IDEULNDQW ZLMVW LHGHUH
YHUDQWZRRUGHOLMNKHLG DI LQ
JHYDO GDWKHWERYHQVWDDQGH
HQ GH JHEUXLNHOLMNH
SUHYHQWLHYH QRUPHQ QLHW
ZRUGHQJHUHVSHFWHHUG
WHPSHUDWXUDGH
o
&DFLPD
GDWHPSHUDWXUDDPELHQWH
$ WRPDGD RX R LQWHUUXSWRU
RQLSRO DUGHY H UmRVH U
SRVLFL RQDGRV SDUDX P D
IiFLO PDQLSXODomR GR DSD
UHOKRLQVWDODGR
2 FRQVWUXWRU GHFOLQD TXDO
TXHU UHVSRQVDELOLGDGH QR
FDVR TXH QmR WHQKDP VLGR
UHVSHLWDGDV WRGDV DV GLVSR
VLo}HV DTXL HP FLPD DVVLP
FRPR DV QRUPDV SDUD D
SUHYHQomRGHDFLGHQWHV
UDWXUD VXSHULRU GH
o
& D
ODWHPSHUDWXUDDPELHQWH
(OHQFKXIHRHOLQWHUUXSWRU
RPQLSRODU WLHQHQ TXH VHU
IiFLOPHQWH DOFDQ]DEOHV
FRQHODSDUDWRLQVWDODGR
(O FRQVWUXFWRU GHFOLQD
FXDOTXLHU UHVSRQVDELOLGDG
HQ HO FDVR GH TXH OR GLFKR
DUULED\ODVXVXDOHVQRUPDV
FRQWUD ORV LQIRUWXQLRV QR
VHDQUHVSHWDGDV
)DOOVGDV1HW]NDEHO EHVFKlGLJW
LVW PXVV HV GXUFK GHQ
+HUVWHOOHU RGHU VHLQHQ
WHFKQLVFKHQ.XQGHQGLHQVWRGHU
LQ MHGHP )DOO GXUFK HLQH
HQWVSUHFKHQG TXDOLIL]LHUWH
)DFKNUDIW HUVHW]W ZHUGHQ XP
MHGHV5LVLNRDXV]XVFKOLHHQ
6LHOFDEOHGHDOLPHQWDFLyQ VH
GDxDKiJDORVXVWLWXLUSRUHO
IDEULFDQWHSRUXQFHQWURGH
DVLVWHQFLDWpFQLFDDXWRUL]DGR
R SRU XQ WpFQLFR GH
FRPSHWHQFLDVLPLODUDILQGH
SUHYHQLUWRGRWLSRGHULHVJRV
$OV GH YRHGLQJVNDEHO
EHVFKDGLJGLVPRHWGH]HGRRU
GH IDEULNDQW RI GRRU GH
WHFKQLVFKH GLHQVW ZRUGHQ
YHUYDQJHQRILQHONJHYDOGRRU
HHQ SHUVRRQ PHW HHQ
VRRUWJHOLMNHNZDOLILFDWLH]RGDW
HONJHYDDUZRUGWYHUPHGHQ
6HRFDERGHDOLPHQWDomR HVWLYHU
GDQLILFDGRGHYHVHUVXEVWLWXtGR
SHORIDEULFDQWHRXSHORVHUYLoR
GH DVVLVWrQFLD WpFQLFD RX HP
WRGR R FDVR SRU XPD SHVVRD
TXDOLILFDGDGHPRGRDSUHYHQLU
TXDOTXHUSHULJR
)U GHQ GLUHNWHQ 1HW]DQ
VFKOXVV PXVV HLQ DOOSROLJHU
6FKDOWHU ]ZLVFKHQJHOHJW
ZHUGHQGHUIUGLHDXIGHP
7\SHQVFKLOG DQJHJHEHQH
/DVW EHPHVVHQ LVW XQG GHU
GLH7UHQQXQJYRP1HW]PLW
HLQHU .RQWDNWZHLWH JHZlKU
OHLVWHW GLH JHPl GHQ
,QVWDOODWLRQVQRUPHQ GLH
YROOVWlQGLJH $EVFKDOWXQJ
EHL hEHUVSDQQXQJ GHU
GDV JHOEJUQH (UGNDEHO GDUI
QLFKWXQWHUEURFKHQZHUGHQ
3DUDODFRQH[LyQGLUHFWDDOD
UHG HV QHFHVDULR LQWHUSRQHU
XQ LQWHUUXSWRU RPQLSRODU
GLPHQVLRQDGRSDUDODFDUJD
GH SODFD TXH DVHJXUH OD
GHVFRQH[LyQ GH OD UHG FRQ
XQDGLVWDQFLDGHDSHUWXUDGH
ORVFRQWDFWRVTXHSHUPLWDOD
GHVFRQH[LyQFRPSOHWDHQODV
FRQGLFLRQHV GH OD FDWHJRUtD
GH VREUHWHQVLyQ GH
FRQIRUPLGDG FRQ ODV UHJODV
GH LQVWDODFLyQ HO FDEOH GH
WLHUUD DPDULOORYHUGH QR
GHEHHVWDULQWHUUXPSLGR
9RRUGHUHFKWVWUHHNVHDDQVOXLWLQJ
RS KHW HOHNWULFLWHLWVQHW PRHW HU
HHQ RPQLSRODLUH VFKDNHODDU
ZRUGHQ DDQJHEUDFKW GLH LV
JHGLPHQVLRQHHUG YRRU GH
EHODVWLQJRSKHWSODDWMHHQGLHGH
ORVNRSSHOLQJYDQKHWHOHNWULFLWHLW
VQHWYHU]HNHUGPHWHHQRSHQLQJ
VDIVWDQGYDQGHFRQWDFWHQGLHGH
YROOHGLJH ORVNRSSHOLQJ WRHVWDDW
ELM RYHUVSDQQLQJ YDQ FDWHJRULH
,,, RYHUHHQNRPVWLJ GH
LQVWDOODWLHUHJHOV GH JHHOJURHQH
DDUGNDEHO PDJ QLHW ZRUGHQ
RQGHUEURNHQ
3DUD HIHFWXDU D OLJDomR
GLUHFWD j UHGH p QHFHVViULR
LQWDODU XP LQWHUUXSWRU
RPQLSRODU GLPHQVLRQDGR
SDUD D FDUJD QRPLQDO TXH
JDUDQWDDGHVFRQH[mRGDUHGH
H FRP XPD GLVWkQFLD GH
DEHUWXUD GRV FRQWDFWRV TXH
FRQVLQWD D GHVFRQH[mR
FRPSOHWD QDV FRQGLo}HV GH
VREUHWHQVmRGHFDWHJRULD,,,Ĉ
HP FRQIRUPLGDGH FRP DV
UHJUDVGHLQVWDODomRRFDER
GHWHUUDDPDUHORYHUGHQmR
GHYHVHULQWHUURPSLGR
.DWHJRULH ,,, HUP|JOLFKW
,,,