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Instructions and guarantee
English English
New personal electronic scale allowing identifying the basal metabolic rate and body composition (percentage of fat,
water and skeletal musculature) according to the height, age and gender.
The exact knowledge of body composition (calculation of the lean mass, fat mass, total body water and s
musculature) and the basal metabolic rate allows a correct assessment of exceeding fat and, at the same time, the
detection of the ideal weight according to the nutritional status.
Therefore, it is possible to combine correct feeding and physical activity as essential conditions to improve life quality,
promote health, and prevent diseases.
It is equipped with a memory function up to 10 persons. With memory function up to 4 people, it stores 10 weighing
values for each person. It automatically compares the data related to the percentages of fat mass and skeletal musculatu
with those measured with the last weighing.
Load capacity 180 kg / 396 lb / 28 st - division 100 g / 0.2 lb / 1lb.
Warning!
• The percentage of body fat and water, as well as of skeletal musculature and the value of the basal
metabolic rate are to be considered merely indicative.
For any further information, refer to a doctor or dietician.
• Self-measuring means control, it does not mean diagnosis or treatment.
Any unusual levels should always be discussed with your doctor.
Under no circumstances must you change the dose of medicines prescribed by your Doctor.
IT IS IMPORTANT TO CAREFULLY READ THE INSTRUCTIONS AND WARNINGS IN THIS BOOKLET BEFORE USE
AND TO KEEP THE BOOKLET IN A SAFE PLACE.
BODY COMPOSITION
It is important to know the body composition of an individual in order to be able to estimate his/her health condition.
Actually, it is not enough to know one’s weight but it is necessary to define its quality, which means dividing the human
body in its two major component masses:
• lean body mass: bones, muscles, viscera, water, organs, blood;
• fat body mass: adipose cells.
Under the same conditions of weight, these two masses have different volumes.
By means of electrodes placed on the platform, the scale sends a weak low intensity electric
the body mass. The electric current reacts in a different way according to the masses it passes through: the lean body
mass opposes a weak resistance, while the fat body mass has a greater resistance.
This body resistance, called bioelectrical impedance, varies also in function of sex, age and height.
For a correct control of your healthy weight, besides the weight, it is important to compare the percentage of fat calculated
by the scale with the parameters quoted in the table, as well as to as
musculature and basal metabolic rate using the information provided here below.
Should the percentages be outside the normal values, it is suggested you refer to your own doctor. It is
suggested to take note of these values for a given period of time in order to understand them better.
In order to obtain a valid comparison, you should weigh yourself always at the same time of the day and under the same
conditions. The best moment to weigh yourself is in the morning, before breakfast, without clothes. You have to wait
15 minutes after getting up, so that the water can distribute itself throughout the body.
Body fat mass percentage
The percentage of fat listed in the following table, represents the total fat, calculated by summing up the essential fat
(or primary fat) and the spare fat (or storage fat).
The essential fat is necessary since it is needed for the metabolism. The percentage of this fat is different between the
two sexes: about 4% for men and about 12% for women (percentage calculated on the total body weight). The spare
fat, which is theoretically superfluous, is necessary in a minimum quantity for a healthy condition, especially for those
who carry out physical activities.
Even in this case, the fat percentage is different between the two sexes: 12% for men, 15% for women (percentage
calculated on the total body weight).
Therefore, the normal percentage of fat mass on the body weight is approximately 16% for men and 27% for women.
Such percentages differ with the person’s age as shown in the table here below.
T
Age
UNDERWEIGHT
Low
NORMAL
Healthy
OVERWEIGHT
High
OBESE
Obese
MAN
10-39
11-19%
19.1-24% 24.1-29%
> 29.1%
40-55
12-20%
20.1-25% 25.1-30%
> 30.1%
56-80
13-21%
21.1-26% 26.1-31%
> 31.1%
WOMAN
10-39
14-19%
19.1-29% 29.1-34%
> 34.1%
40-55
15-20%
20.1-30% 30.1-35%
> 35.1%
56-80
16-21%
21.1-31% 31.1-36%
> 36.1%
% of skeletal musculature
The muscles are the motors of the skeleton and through the energy they give off during contraction, they let us move,
perform and control movements of the head, body and upper and lower limbs. There are three different types of muscular
tissue: smooth, striated skeletal and striated cardiac.
The striated cardiac muscle is the heart. It is the only organ formed of striated fibre, which involuntarily contracts.
Smooth muscles are formed of smooth fibres, which are only found in the digestive tract, the respiratory tract and the
genitals, in the walls of the venous and arterial blood vessels.
Smooth muscular tissue is not voluntarily controlled. Striated skeletal muscular tissue, also called voluntary because it
contracts according to our will, forms the skeletal and facial muscles in humans. The job of striated voluntary muscles
is to move the skeleton, allowing us to move and communicate with our surroundings. This scale indicates the % of
skeletal musculature in the body.
On an average, the 40% of the body weight is made up of the skeletal muscles. In general, the percentage can increase
in sportspeople in case of very prolonged physical activity. If a moderate and daily physical activity is carried out, the
% tends to increase but slowly. (The difference can be noticed after months of activity.). With the help of the physical
activity, also the fluid balance in the body is improved.
The percentage of musculature starts to decrease with the increase of age (after 40).
Water percentage
Water is the main component of lean body mass; the water percentage over the fat body mass differ with the person’s
age. The lean body mass is obtained by subtracting from the total weight the fat body mass (for instance for a 25-year
old man, with a fat body mass of 17%, lean body mass is equivalent to 83%).
About 60% of the body weight is made up by water: it therefore represents the fundamental component of every living
being and it is necessary to keep us alive.
Women (having normally more adipose tissue than men), have a water percentage of about 55-58%, while men have
about 60-62% of it.
The water percentage is greater in childhood (at birth it varies from 70 to 77%), and it decreases with age (in old people
the percentage varies from 45% to 55%) and with the increase of fat deposits.
Obese people have a lower body water percentage than lean people.
Refer to this data to compare the obtained percentage.
Water accomplishes many biological functions:
• it promotes the digestive processes;
• it is a thinner for substances that are important for the organism;
• it removes metabolic wastes;
• it carries oxygen, nutrients, enzymes, hormones and glucose to the cells;
• it is a source of mineral salts;
• it regulates the body temperature.
The human organism excretes every day a given quantity of water, which must be regularly replaced; a water loss of
approximately 10% of the body weight, may put at risk the health condition.
Body weight variations, may occur throughout short (hours), medium (days) or long (weeks) periods.
Small weight variations that take place in a few hours, are completely normal and are due to water retention, since the
extra-cellular water (which includes interstitial fluid, plasma, lymph and transcellular fluid) is the only compartment
subject to such rapid variations.
When a weight reduction occurs in a few days, it is very likely that it affected the total water amount (distributed by
approximately 60% inside the cells - intracellular water - and by approximately 40% outside the cells - extracellular
water-) and therefore, it also affected the lean body mass.
To conclude, the fat body mass is subject to variations which can be recorded in weeks.
Therefore, in order to evaluate the progression of one’s body composition it is necessary to keep in mind
that:
•
shows that the body has simply lost water (for instance after a training session, a sauna or a diet that
is limited to rapid weight loss).
• a weight increase accompanied by a decreasing or unchanged body fat percentage, shows the
development of precious muscular mass.
• when weight and body fat decrease at the same time, it means that the diet is effective and that we
are also losing volume.
•
always too low.
Warning!
When following a diet, it is necessary to expect a reduction in the fat body mass and not in the muscular
mass.
Basal metabolic rate
The basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the minimum quantity of calories necessary for the human body to survive, i.e. to
carry out basic processes such as the circulation, respiration, digestion, preservation of body temperature.
The basal metabolic rate is calculated on a person mentally and physically resting in supine position, not eating for 12
hours, after at least 8 hours of sleep and at a constant room temperature of about 20°C.
The basal metabolic rate for the adults ranges between 1200 and 1800 kcal.
The BMR is influenced by various factors:
• age: it is higher when one is young; with the increase of age, the muscular mass decreases and consequently the
BMR, too.
• gender: the BMR is greater in men due to the testosterone and of the greater muscular mass.
• height: the BMR is greater in tall and slim people.
• body composition: the increase of the muscular mass involves an increase of the BMR; the increase of the fat mass
involves a decrease of the BMR.
• fever/stress: the BMR increases in case of stress or of fever.
• nutrition state: the fasting, poor nutrition or malnutrition decrease the BMR; while high protein diets increase the
BMR.
• climate: with very high or very low environment temperatures, the BMR increases.
• thyroxin: thyroxin is a hormone produced by the thyroid; this hormone has among its functions that of adjusting the
metabolism intensity. More thyroxin is produced and greater is the BMR.
Considering this information, the basal metabolic rate allows monitoring the number of calories required
by the body according to the physical state and to the life-style.
The greater is the muscular mass or the greater is the physical activity, more are the required calories: it is essential
to know such information to optimize a diet or physical activity.
Example of body composition
Person 1
Input Data: female, 168 cm tall, 41 years old,
Data calculated by the scale: Weight 60.5 kilos, Bodyfat 23.5%, Bodywater 49.7%, muscles 29.3%, basal metabolic
rate 1328 kcal
Analysis of body composition: According to the table the body composition is normal. Let’s analyze it in details.
The percentage of lean body mass is 76.5% (100%-23.5%)
The water percentage is 49.7%
The body fat is made up as follows:
• essential fat => 60.5 kilos x 12% = 7.26 kilos
• spare fat => 60.5 kilos x 15% = 9.07 kilos
The total body fat (essential fat + spare fat) is made up of 7.26 + 9.07 kilos = 16.33 kilos that over the total of body
weight (60.5 kilos) is equivalent to 27% (ideal percentage of fat mass for person 1).
The difference between 23.5% (fat body mass actual percentage) and 27% (fat body mass ideal percentage) is 3.5%,
which applied to the total weight of 60.5 kilos is equivalent to 2.11 kilos.
2.11 represents the kilograms that person 1 may gain to reach the ideal value of fat mass.
Water percentage equal to 49.7% is lower than the average values for women.
Skeletal musculature percentage (29.3%) is within average value range. The basal metabolic rate is 1328 kcal and it
is affected by the gender, weight and height (woman, normal body composition; therefore, BMR around 1200-1300
kcal).
TIPS FOR USE
• Place the scale on a flat, hard surface. Soft, uneven flooring (e.g. rugs, carpets, linoleum) can cause the scale
to give an uneven reading of your weight.
• Step onto the scale with your feet parallel and weight equally distributed (see illustrations).
Stand still while the scale measures your weight.
• It is important to weigh yourself with dry, bare feet, correctly positioned on the electrodes (see illustrations).
Moreover, for the scale to work properly, avoid your legs touching.
• The scale does not involve any hazard since it works using 4 1.5V alkaline batteries.
However, the following people should avoid using it:
• those fitted with a pace-maker or other forms of electronic, medical equipment
• those with a temperature
• children under the age of 10
• pregnant woman
• those in dialysis, with edemas on their legs, people with dimorphism or suffering from oste
• people on cardiovascular medication.
• Always weigh yourself on the same scale each day at the same time, preferably undressed and before breakfast.
To get the best results from your scale, weigh yourself twice, and if the two weights are different from each other,
your weight is between the two readings. Wait for about 15 minutes after getting up, so that the water can distribute
itself around your body.
• The surface of the scale can be slippery, if wet.
• Should an error occur during the analysis of your basal metabolic rate, of your percentage of fat, water and skeletal
musculature, the scale switches off automatically.
Caution ! The function of measurement of the percentage of body fat, water and skeletal musculature, as well as
of the basal metabolic rate can be used only by people with an age ranging from 8 to 100 years and with a height
ELECTRONIC PERSONAL SCALE WITH INDICA
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