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Kona 2022 Manual

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KONA OWNER’S MANUAL
composite materials, resulting in component failure
which could cause you to lose control and fall.
Inspection of Composite Frame, Fork & Components
Cracks: Inspect for cracks, broken or splintered areas.
Any crack is serious. Do not ride any bicycle or compo-
nent that has a crack of any size.
Delamination: Delamination is serious damage.
Composites are made from layers of fabric. Delamination
means that the layers of fabric are no longer bonded
together. Do not ride any bicycle or component that has
any delamination. These are some delamination clues:
•
A cloudy or white area. This kind of area looks different from
the ordinary undamaged areas. Undamaged areas will look
glassy, shiny, or “deep,” as if one was looking into a clear
liquid. Delaminated areas will look opaque and cloudy
.
• Bulging or deformed shape. If delamination occurs, the
surface shape may change. The surface may have a bump,
a bulge, soft spot, or not be smooth and fair.
• A difference in sound when tapping the surface. If you
gently tap the surface of an undamaged composite, you will
hear a consistent sound, usually a hard, sharp sound. If
you then tap a delaminated area, you will hear a different
sound, usually duller, less sharp.
Unusual Noises: Either a crack or delamination can cause
creaking noises while riding. Think about such a noise as a
serious warning signal. A well-maintained bicycle will be very
quiet and free of creaks and squeaks. Investigate and nd
the source of any noise. It may not be a crack or delamina-
tion, but whatever is causing the noise must be xed before
riding.
WARNING: Do not ride a bicycle or component with
any delamination or crack. Riding a delaminated or
cracked frame, fork or other component could lead to 41
What Are The Limits Of Composites?
Well designed “composite” or carbon ber bicycles and
components have long fatigue lives, usually better than
their metal equivalents.
While fatigue life is an advantage of carbon ber, you
must still regularly inspect your carbon ber frame,
fork, or components.
Carbon ber composites are not ductile. Once a carbon
structure is overloaded, it will not bend; it will break. At
and near the break, there will be rough, sharp edges and
maybe delamination of carbon ber or carbon ber fabric
layers. There will be no bending, buckling, or stretching.
If You Hit Something Or Crash, What Can You Expect
From Your Carbon Fiber Bike?
Let’s say you hit a curb, ditch, rock, car, other cyclist or
other object. At any speed above a fast walk, your body
will continue to move forward, the momentum carrying
you over the front of the bike. You cannot and will not stay
on the bike and what happens to the frame fork and other
components is irrelevant to what happens to your body
.
What should you expect from your carbon frame? It
depends on many complex factors, which is why we tell you
that crash worthiness cannot be a design criteria.
With that important note, we can tell you that if the impact
is hard enough, the fork or frame may be completely
broken. Note the signicant difference in behavior between
carbon and metal. See Section 2. A, Understanding Metals
in this Appendix. Even if the carbon frame was twice
as strong as a metal frame, once the carbon frame is
overloaded it will not bend, it will break completely.
WARNING: Be aware that high temperatures in
a conned environment can affect the integrity of
… 43


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