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KompoZer User Guide 17 December 2007 Based on version 0.7.10 42
Appendix 2 – References
HTML 4.01 Specification http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/cover.html
CSS2.1 Specification http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/
W3C http://www.w3.org/
HTML Validator http://validator.w3.org/
CSS Validator http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/
Appendix 3 – Doctypes
A3.1 Introduction
Doctype abbreviates ‘Document type Declaration’
which tells a browser which ‘Document type definition’
(DTD) to use to interpret a page. The Doctype also
includes the URL of a file containing the DTD details.
The Doctype must appear on the first line of code
for a page.
Note Actually on an XHTML page an XML dec-
laration may precede this but this can result in
problems with some browsers. KompoZer does
not insert this declaration. Files without an
XML declaration use UTF-8 character coding.
A3.2 Doctypes supported
The Doctypes supported by KompoZer are
HTML Transitional
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
HTML Strict
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
XHTML Transitional
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
XHTML Strict
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
To set the Doctype for a new file:
On the menu bar click File > New and check the appropriate boxes.
A3.3 Differences between transitional
and strict DTD
In HTML 4.01 strict, elements and attributes which
are dedicated to presentation are deprecated in favour
of CSS. Therefore, HTML 4.01 strict is actually a
trimmed version of HTML 4.01 and is likely to be
supported by a larger number of user agents and
media. The features which have been trimmed out can
be replaced using CSS so that no functionality is lost.
The benefits of clear separation of content from
presentation thanks to CSS implementation are:
Smaller files and faster download (Note 1)
Better layout control
Better interoperability across platforms, devices
and media (Note 2)
Easier to maintain
A3.4 Choice of language and DTD
Beginners to web authoring often ask ‘Which doc-
type declaration should I use?’
When working on pre-existing documents KompoZ-
er is capable of working with any of the doctypes
supported and you may continue to use these if you
want to avoid upgrading to a preferred format.
When creating a new document my recommenda-
tion is to use HTML 4.01 strict doctype.
I do not recommend XHTML 1.0 doctype declara-
tions (transitional or strict) unless you know that you
need to serve your web page as content type
application/xhtml+xml.
Note Internet Explorer 6 and Internet Explorer
7 will not serve a document as content type
application/xhtml+xml when the proper con-
tent type for XHTML should be
application/xhtml+xml.
Further explanation on why XHTML is not recom-
mended at least at present would go beyond the
scope of this User Guide.
People who want to know more on this issue are
recommended to read the following resources:
Say No to XHTML: an excellent article on mis-
understood claims of XHTML at least, on
serious misunderstandings about XHTML - and
problems related to XHTML.
http://www.spartanicus.utvinternet.ie/no-
xhtml.htm
Beware of XHTML Another excellent article,
worth reading carefully. It has 16 examples and
demonstrations showing the issues involved.
42


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