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Multiplier la force appliquée pour accomplir un travail. En utilisant différentes tailles d’engrenages ou
de roues de chaîne reliés par une chaîne ou une courroie, on affecte la force de puissance de la roue menée.
Un petit engrenage menant un engrenage plus grand multiplie la force aux dépens de la vitesse.
Changer la vitesse produite par un système.
En utilisant différentes tailles d’engrenages
dans un train d’engrenages
ou de roue de chaîne reliés par une chaîne
ou une courroie, on affecte la vitesse de la
roue menée.
• Accélération
Une grande roue menante actionnant une roue menée plus petite augmente la vitesse de rotation
de l’axe de la roue menée.
(Pour utiliser cette formule, les étudiants doivent comprendre les fractions et les rapports.)
Par exemple : Une roue menante possédant 84 dents effectuera un tour complet pour chaque 6
tours effectués par une roue menée de 14 dents. Le rapport d’engrenage est donc de 1 :6, indi-
quant que la vitesse produite est 6 fois plus élevée que la vitesse de départ. C’est ce qu’on appelle
l’amplification par engrenage. L’amplification par engrenage augmente la vitesse de rotation mais
diminue la force.
Lorsque l’effet mécanique est supérieur à 1,
l’effort est multiplié par le système d’engrenages.
Nombre de dents sur la roue menée 24
Nombre de dents sur la roue menante 8
= = 3EM =
Fig. 4
(Pour utiliser cette formule, les étudiants doivent comprendre
les fractions et les rapports.)
GUIDE DE I’ENSEIGNANT
LES MACHINES SIMPLES
Education
®
8


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