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Knex 78610 - Education Intro to Levers and Pulleys Teachers Guide Manual

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Teacher’s Notes
Free photographs can be obtained
from www.freefoto.com and http://pics.
tech4learning.com/
 • Askthechildrentolookatthepicturesofdifferent
sailing boats. Talk about how, regardless of the size of
the sailboat, sailors have always been faced with the
same problem: how to lower and raise heavy sails
safely. In days of large sailing ships sailors had to
climb the masts and literally pull up large, heavy
sails by hand – it was very dangerous work. Modern
sailboats use pulley systems that allow the crew to
raise and lower sails quickly without leaving the
(relative) safety of the deck.
 • Thislessoninvestigateshowpulleyscanbeusedto
lift heavy objects.
 • Askthechildrentocollect/findpicturesoflifting
machines from books or from research using
the Internet.
 • Discusshowpulleyscanbeusedinanumber
of situations.
 • Allowthechildrentimetoinvestigatephotographsor
illustrations of lifting machines that use pulleys.
 • Whatarethesemachinesusedfor?
 • Howheavyaretheloadstheylift?
 • Isthereanyconnectionbetweenthesizeoftheloads
and the number of pulleys and ropes/cables they use?
Working in Groups of 2-3
 • AskthechildrentoconstructtheK’NEXSailboat
model shown on Pages 12-13 of the Building
Instructions booklet.
Building Tip: Building Steps 6 – 8 will require cooperation
between the members of the group. This applies particularly
to Step 7 when string is attached to the pulleys. Make
sure that one child holds the movable pulley (built in Step 6)
while another carefully threads the string around the
pulley wheels.
Remind the children that they should NOT cut the
string. They will need a long string for several other
pulley activities.
 • Allowtimeforthechildrentoinvestigatehowthesail
mechanism works by lifting a mass attached to the
lower pulley. An opened, large paperclip could be used
as a hook.
Talk about how machines that are
used to lift heavy weights usually
have numerous pulleys in the lifting
mechanisms. The greater the number
of pulleys that are used, the easier it
becomes to lift heavy loads.
In this model pulley system there are
two pulleys, an upper fixed pulley and
a lower movable pulley. Two ropes are
attached to the lower movable pulley.
This arrangement is called a double,
or compound, pulley system.
Fixed pulley
Movable pulley
Lesson 8: The Sailboat
levers and pulleys
website: www.knexeducation.co.uk
Education
®
… 50 …


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