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A�Quick�Guide�to�Pulleys
A pulley is a very simple type of mechanism;
it has been used for thousands of years to
make easier the job of lifting heavy objects.
The simplest type of pulley mechanism is a
single pulley.
When a single pulley is used as a lifting device,
the effort force needed to raise the load must
be equal to or just greater than the load. In
theory the effort needed to lift the load is the
same as if the load was lifted directly from
the ground without using a pulley. In prac-
tice, however, the effort force must be greater
than that of the load in order to overcome the
added effects of friction in the system.
Key elements of a pulley mechanism
• Pulley
- a freely revolving wheel with a
groove in its outer rim through which a
rope, cable or chain can be passed.
• Effort – the pulling force applied to the
rope to lift the load.
• Load – the weight of the object to be
moved by the effort force.
One way of getting bricks to the top of a
building is to pull them vertically upwards. This
method requires a great amount of hard work.
Using a single pulley mechanism, however,
allows heavy objects to be lifted by pulling
down on a rope from below. This is an easier
and safer way to raise the load of bricks than
to be on the roof pulling them up. So how
does it work?
What is a pulley?
A pulley is a mechanism that can change the
direction of an effort, or pulling force, applied
to a rope. This means that a pull down may
be converted into a pull up. Pulleys can also
be used to amplify the applied effort force.
Passing a rope over the rim of a revolving
wheel or pulley helps to reduce the amount
of friction in the system.
A Quick Guide to Pulleys
What can pulleys be used for?
Pulleys can:
• Changethedirectionoftheapplied
effort force
1. A downward pull on the rope running
over a single fixed pulley results in an
upward movement of the load.
levers and pulleys
website: www.knexeducation.co.uk
Education
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