Manual Knex 78610 - Education Intro to Levers and Pulleys Teachers Guide (page 9 of 62) (English)

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A�Quick�Guide�to�Levers

3rd Class Levers

Compound 2nd Class levers.

Fig. 5

Nutcrackers are made from two 2nd Class

levers. The effort is applied to the effort arms

when a hand squeezes them together, the load

is the resistance of the nut’s shell to cracking

and the fulcrum is the hinge.

Key facts

In a 3rd Class lever:

 • The effort is between the fulcrum and

the load.

 • Theeffortandloadmoveinthe

same direction.

 • 3rdClassleversalwaysincreasethe

speed the load moves because the effort

is always positioned closer to the fulcrum

than the load. (See Fig. 5). Applying the

effort close to the fulcrum requires a large

input force but the effort arm only moves

through a small distance. The opposite

end of the lever (or load arm), however,

moves through a greater distance, at a

faster speed, but with less force.

In Fig. 6 the load is located twice as far

from the fulcrum as the effort. In this

example the load moves twice as fast as

the effort, because it must move double

the distance in the same amount of time.

That’s the trade off. In order to get greater

speed, a large effort force is needed to

move a small load.

Fig. 6

• 2nd Class levers always amplify the output

force. In this type of lever arrangement,

the load is always closer to the fulcrum

than the effort force. This means the effort

arm will be longer than the load arm (see

diagram). The longer the effort arm, the

more the effort force is amplified where

it is needed, so making it easier to move

the load. With a 2nd Class lever, therefore,

it is possible to move a large load with a

smaller effort.

Education

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Knex 78610 - Education Intro to Levers and Pulleys Teachers Guide Instructions - German - 62 pages

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Knex 78610 - Education Intro to Levers and Pulleys Teachers Guide Instructions - French - 62 pages

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Knex 78610 - Education Intro to Levers and Pulleys Teachers Guide Manual

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