Manual Graupner MC18 (page 50 of 56) (English)

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Programming Examples

for Fixed-Wing Models

11.) Adjusting Servo Throw

Normally one should choose the size of the control

horn and servo arms so they provide approximately

the required control surface throw. In this context you

should remember: the relative size of the arm of a

servo and the lever of a control horn determines the

magnitude of the throw of the control surface. All

control linkages introduce a certain amount of play,

which can not be completely eliminated even when

using top quality servos and working with ultimate

precision, with the slop increasing with time.

Everything should be done to reduce slop as much as

possible. Here are some basic rules.

1. Keep control horns as large as possible as this

helps minimise slop.

2. Slop will be greater the more acute or obtuse the

angle formed by the linkage and control horn. Slop

will be smallest when the linkage and horn for a right

angle (90°).

3. Servo slop will make itself felt more the smaller the

angular range the servo operates over.

When applying these fundamental rules the

conclusion must be drawn that full servo throw should

be used for the controls of a model, using the largest

possible control horns, and that the required control

throw should be achieved by adjusting the servo arm.

In practical operation, however, smaller and larger

deviations from these ideal conditions have to be

accepted, such as the selection of smaller control

horns for visual reasons, the control surface linkages

will have to be concealed in the gaps between

surfaces, or the accommodation of large servo arms

is not possible in the fuselage.

Fur such cases the PROFI-ULTRASOFT-Module

provides the ability to adjust servo throw, with all the

servos and each direction of operation being

separately adjustable. To make this point perfectly

clear: this possibility should be utilised only after you

have mechanically optimised the linkages as far as

possible in every case. At first glance, taking the

easiest and simplest way of linking the control

surfaces and performing adjustments via the

transmitter options may appear to be a good solution,

but in that case a lot of obtainable control precision

will be lost. This, of course, is not limited to the control

surfaces, but also applies to the throttle as well. Here

again the linkage should be attached to the outermost

hole of the carburettor lever and a servo arm chosen

which will open the carburettor fully when the throttle

stick is in the full throttle position, and will close the

carburettor fully with the stick and trim fully pulled

back. It is important that the servo is not mechanically

restricted in it’s motion. If this can not be achieved

mechanically the adjustments may then be optimised

using the throw adjust (code 12). To achieve this,

input:

1 2 ENTER

The select the control channel to be used for throw

adjustments:

1 = Throttle

2 = Ailerons

3 = Elevator

4 = Rudder

Let us assume you wish to adjust servo throw for the

throttle operation, press in this 1 case.

The display now indicates normal servo throw

(100%). Shift the throttle stick to the full throttle

position and adjust the carburettor with the aid of the

INC and DEC keys so it will be fully open, but is not

hitting the mechanical stops. The display now shows

the servo throw in % of normal servo throw.

Move the throttle to the idle position and set the trim

slider for throttle all the way back against it’s stop,

where the carburettor will be as closed as possible.

The display now shows 100% again, since for this

side of the servo throw (viewed from the centre) the

normal value is still effective.

Throw is now adjusted using the INC and DEC

keys so the carburettor is fully closed without hitting

the mechanical stop. It is possible that an idle stop

screw on the carburettor will have to be adjusted to

permit the carburettor to fully close. You should now

be able to adjust the RPM of the engine with the idle

trim, and also stop the engine with the trim fully back.

In the same manner you’ll be able to adjust the throw

of the control surfaces, if necessary asymmetrically,

for example if the elevator at “full up” deflection blocks

the rudder, and downward deflection must not be

reduced. Call the elevator position and adjust

deflection using the INC and DEC keys so that the

rudder remains freely movable. Remember to take

changes in elevator trim into account to ensure that

fowling does not occur. Terminate the input by

pressing the ENTER key.

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