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Protection against radiation and burns
At the work place, the hazard to the eyes must be indicated by a sign stating “Caution! Do
not look at the flames!” The workstations must be shielded as much as possible in such a
manner that personnel standing in the vicinity of the workstation are protected. Keep
unauthorized personnel away from the welding work.
In the immediate vicinity of the stationary workstations, the walls should not be brightly
colored or glossy. Windows must be coated with suitable paint to at least eye-level to
prevent radiation reflecting or passing through.
Bringing into use
Fig. 3
Tip: Before you start welding difficult workpieces it is best to first try the welding out on a test
piece.
Ensure a clean workpiece: remove any rust, grease and paint residues.
Set the required current intensity using the knob on the front of the welding appliance.
The choice of current intensity depends on the workpiece and the type of electrode used.
Place the part of the electrode without coating in the electrode holder and connect the earth
terminal to the workpiece.
Switch the welding appliance on with the main switch.
Keep the welding mask in front of your face and move the point of the electrode over the
workpiece as if you were striking a match. This is the best way to start the welding arc. Do
not strike the workpiece with the electrode. This will damage the electrode and impede the
creation of the welding arc.
After creating the welding arc immediately try to keep the distance between point of the
electrode and the workpiece equal. Keep this distance equal to the diameter of the
electrode. Keep this distance as constant as possible during welding.
Move the electrode in a gradual pulling movement over the workpiece.
Keep the angle between electrode and workpiece between 60° and 70° in the direction of
movement.
When the welded joint has been made, break the welding arc by removing the electrode
from the workpiece.
Switch off the welding appliance.
N.B. If you leave the welding appliance on, the likelihood is great that the electrode
will make contact (through the work bench) with the earth cable and spontaneously
start to weld.
Remove the slag from the welded joint with a scaling hammer.
Take care for hot flying metal particles. Always wear protective goggles.
Never weld over slag residues: the slag forms an insulating and contaminated layer, and as
a result weakens the weld (so-called slag inclusion).
Brush the weld clean using a wire brush.
ËÏÂÎÙÚÔ‰›ˆÓ, ÁÈ· Û˘ÁÎfiÏÏËÛË ÙˆÓ ‰È·ÊÔÚÂÙÈÎÒÓ Ù‡ˆÓ ·ÓÔÍ›‰ˆÙÔ˘ ¯¿Ï˘‚· ηÈ
¯˘ÙÔÛ›‰ËÚÔ˘. °È· ÙËÓ ·ÁÔÚ¿ ÙÔ˘ ηٿÏÏËÏÔ˘ ËÏÂÎÙÚÔ‰›Ô˘ Û˘Ì‚Ô˘Ï¢Ù›Ù ÙÔÓ
ÚÔÌËıÂ˘Ù‹.
Á. ¶ÚÔÛٷ٢ÙÈÎfi˜ ÚÔ˘¯ÈÛÌfi˜
¡· ÊÔÚ¿Ù ÚÔ‡¯· Ô˘ Ó· ηχÙÔ˘Ó ÔÏfiÎÏËÚÔ ÙÔ ÛÒÌ· Û·˜, ¤ÙÛÈ ÒÛÙ ӷ
ÂÏ·¯ÈÛÙÔÔÈ‹ÛÂÙ ÙÔÓ Î›Ó‰˘ÓÔ ÂÁη‡Ì·ÙÔ˜ ·fi ÙËÓ ˘ÂÚÈÒ‰Ë ·ÎÙÈÓÔ‚ÔÏ›· Ù·
ÂÎÙÈÓ·ÛÛfiÌÂÓ· ÛÙ·ÁÔÓ›‰È· ÌÂÙ¿ÏÏÔ˘.
∫·Ù¿ ÚÔÙ›ÌËÛË Ó· ÊÔÚ¿Ù ÔÏfiۈ̘ ÊfiÚ̘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜, Á¿ÓÙÈ· ÁÈ· Û˘ÁÎÔÏÏËÙ¤˜ ηÈ
˘Ô‰‹Ì·Ù· ·ÛÊ·Ï›·˜. ºÚÔÓÙ›ÛÙ ӷ ÌËÓ ¤ÛÂÈ Ù‹ÁÌ· Û˘ÁÎfiÏÏËÛ˘ ÛÙ· ·Ô‡ÙÛÈ· Ù·
Á¿ÓÙÈ· Û·˜.
(‰ÂÚÌ¿ÙÈÓË) ԉȿ ·ÔÙÚ¤ÂÈ Ù· ÂÁη‡Ì·Ù· Î·È ‰ÂÓ ÂÈÙÚ¤ÂÈ ÛÙÔ˘˜ ÛÈÓı‹Ú˜ Ó·
‰È·ÂÚ¿ÛÔ˘Ó ÙË ÊfiÚÌ·.
‰. ¶ÚÔÛÙ·Û›· ÚÔÛÒÔ˘
EÈÎ. 2
ÃÚËÛÈÌÔÔÈ‹ÛÙ ÌÈ· ηϋ Ì¿Ûη Û˘ÁÎfiÏÏËÛ˘, Ì (ÛÎÔ‡ÚÔ) Ù˙¿ÌÈ Û˘ÁÎfiÏÏËÛ˘ ηÈ
ÚÔÛٷ٢ÙÈÎfi Ù˙¿ÌÈ.
µÂ‚·Èˆı›Ù fiÙÈ Î·È Ù· ‰‡Ô Ù˙¿ÌÈ· Â›Ó·È ÙÔÔıÂÙË̤ӷ ÛˆÛÙ¿ (¤¯Ô˘Ó ÛÙÂÚˆı› ηϿ Î·È Ó·
‰ÂÓ ÂÈÙÚ¤Ô˘Ó ÙËÓ Â›ÛÔ‰Ô ÙÔ˘ ËÏÈ·ÎÔ‡ ʈÙfi˜).
Ì¿Ûη Û˘ÁÎfiÏÏËÛ˘ ÚÔÛٷهÂÈ ÙÔ Û˘ÁÎÔÏÏËÙ‹ ·fi ÙËÓ ·ÎÙÈÓÔ‚ÔÏ›·, ÙË ıÂÚÌfiÙËÙ· ηÈ
ÙËÓ ÂÎÙ›Ó·ÍË Ù‹ÁÌ·ÙÔ˜ ηٿ ÙË ‰È¿ÚÎÂÈ· Ù˘ Û˘ÁÎfiÏÏËÛ˘. ∂›Û˘ ÂÚÈÔÚ›˙ÂÈ ÙËÓ ÂÈÛÓÔ‹
ÙˆÓ ·ÂÚ›ˆÓ Ù˘ Û˘ÁÎfiÏÏËÛ˘.√È ·fiÚ·Ù˜ ˘ÂÚÈÒ‰ÂȘ ·ÎÙ›Ó˜ ÚÔηÏÔ‡Ó Î·È ÙÔ Ê·ÈÓfiÌÂÓÔ
Ù˘ “ÔÊı·ÏÌ›·˜ ·fi ¤ÓÙÔÓÔ ÊˆÙÈÛÌfi”. ∆Ô Ê·ÈÓfiÌÂÓÔ ·˘Ùfi ÂÌÊ·Ó›˙ÂÙ·È Û ϛÁ· ÌfiÏȘ
‰Â˘ÙÂÚfiÏÂÙ·, fiÙ·Ó Î¿ÔÈÔ˜ ÎÔÈÙ¿ÍÂÈ ÙÔ ËÏÂÎÙÚÈÎfi ÙfiÍÔ.∞ÔʇÁÂÙ ÙȘ Û˘Ó¤ÂȘ Ù˘
·ÎÙÈÓÔ‚ÔÏ›·˜ Î·È ÙˆÓ ˘„ËÏÒÓ ıÂÚÌÔÎÚ·ÛÈÒÓ Ô˘ ÚÔÛ‚¿ÏÔ˘Ó ÙÔ ÚfiÛˆÔ Î·È Ù· ˘fiÏÔÈ·
ÂÎÙÂıÂÈ̤ӷ ̤ÚË ÙÔ˘ ÛÒÌ·ÙÔ˜, fiˆ˜ Â›Ó·È Ô Ï·ÈÌfi˜ Î·È Ù· ¯¤ÚÈ·.
¶ÚÔÊ˘Ï¿ÍÙ ÙÔÓ Â·˘Ùfi Û·˜ ·fi ÙȘ ÂÈΛӉ˘Ó˜ ÂȉڿÛÂȘ ÙÔ˘ ʈÙÂÈÓÔ‡ Û˘ÁÎÔÏÏËÙÈÎÔ‡
ÙfiÍÔ˘ Î·È ·Ú·ÌÂÚ›ÛÙ ٷ ¿ÙÔÌ·, Ù· ÔÔ›· ‰ÂÓ Û˘ÌÌÂÙ¤¯Ô˘Ó ÛÙȘ ÂÚÁ·Û›Â˜, ÙÔ˘Ï¿¯ÈÛÙÔÓ
̤¯ÚÈ 15 ̤ÙÚ· ·ã ÙÔ Êˆ˜ ÙÔ˘ Û˘ÁÎÔÏÏËÙÈÎÔ‡ ÙfiÍÔ˘.
∂›Û˘ ¿ÙÔÌ· Ë ‚ÔËıÔ›, ÔÈ ÔÔ›ÔÈ ‚Ú›ÛÎÔÓÙ·È ÎÔÓÙ¿ ÛÙÔ ÊˆÙÂÈÓfi Û˘ÁÎÔÏÏËÙÈÎfi ÙfiÍÔ Ú¤ÂÈ
Ó· Â›Ó·È ‰È‰·Á̤ÓÔÈ ÁÈ· ÙÔ˘˜ ÎÈÓ‰‡ÓÔ˘˜ Î·È Ó· Â›Ó·È ÂÍ·ÛÊ·ÏÈṲ̂ÓÔÈ Ì ÚÔÊ˘Ï·ÎÙÈο
‚ÔËı‹Ì·Ù·. ™Â ÂÚ›ÙˆÛË ·Ó¿Á΢ ı· ÛÙËıÔ‡Ó ÚÔÊ˘Ï·ÎÙÈο ÙÔȯÒÌ·Ù·.
Â. ÃÒÚÔ˜ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜
ñ ∂Í·ÛÊ·Ï›ÛÙ ÙÔÓ Î·Ïfi ÂÍ·ÂÚÈÛÌfi ÙÔ˘ ¯ÒÚÔ˘ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜. ∫·Ù¿ ÙË Û˘ÁÎfiÏÏËÛË ÂÎχÔÓÙ·È
·¤ÚÈ·, Ù· ÔÔ›· Â›Ó·È ‚Ï·‚ÂÚ¿ ÁÈ· ÙËÓ ˘Á›· Û·˜.
ñ ∞ÔÌ·ÎÚ‡ÓÂÙ fiÏ· Ù· ‡ÊÏÂÎÙ· ˘ÏÈο ·fi ÙÔ ¯ÒÚÔ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜. Û˘ÁÎfiÏÏËÛË ÚÔηÏ›
ÙËÓ ÂÎÙ›Ó·ÍË ÛÈÓı‹ÚˆÓ Î·È ÙËÁ̤ÓÔ˘ ÌÂÙ¿ÏÏÔ˘.
ñ ºÚÔÓÙ›ÛÙ ÒÛÙ ÛÙÔ ¯ÒÚÔ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ Ó· ˘¿Ú¯ÂÈ ¿ÌÂÛ· ‰È·ı¤ÛÈÌÔ ÓÂÚfi ÁÈ· „‡ÍË. ªËÓ
·Ê‹ÓÂÙ ¯ˆÚ›˜ Â›‚ÏÂ„Ë Ù· ·ÓÙÈΛÌÂÓ· Ô˘ ÌfiÏȘ Û˘ÁÎÔÏÏ‹Û·Ù (Î·È Î·›Ó ·ÎfiÌ·) ÛÙÔ
¯ÒÚÔ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜. ¶ÚÔÙÔ‡ ·ÔÌ·ÎÚ˘Óı›Ù ·fi ÙÔ ¯ÒÚÔ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜, ı· Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· „‡ÍÂÙÂ
ÙÔ ·ÓÙÈΛÌÂÓÔ Ô˘ Û˘ÁÎÔÏÏ‹Û·ÙÂ.
¶ÚÔʇϷÍË Î·Ù¿ ÙËÓ ·ÎÙÈÓÔ‚ÔÏ›· Î·È ÂÁη‡Ì·Ù·.
ñ ™ÙÔÓ ¯ÒÚÔ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó· Â›Ó·È ÙÔÔıÂÙË̤ÓÔÈ ›Ó·Î˜, ÔÈ ÔÔ›ÔÈ ÛËÌ·‰Â‡Ô˘Ó ÙÔÓ
ΛӉ˘ÓÔ ÙˆÓ Ì·ÙÈÒÓ “¶ÚÔÛÔ¯‹! ªËÓ ÎÔÈٿ٠ÛÙË ÊÏfiÁ·!” ¯ÒÚÔ˜ ÂÚÁ·Û›·˜ Ú¤ÂÈ Ó·
Â›Ó·È ÛÎÈ·Ṳ̂ÓÔ˜ ¤ÙÛÈ, ÒÛÙ ӷ Ê˘Ï¿ÁÔÓÙ·È Ù· ¿ÙÔÌ· Ô˘ ‚Ú›ÛÎÔÓÙ·È ÏËÛ›ÔÓ. ∆·
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