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Das am weitesten verbrei-
tete, und am
eintachsten
zu bedienende Spiegel-
Teleskop ist der Newton-
Reflektor.
Neben dem Newton-
Reflektor gibt es weitere
Spiegel-Systeme:
SchmidKassenrain,
Cassegrain,
-
Mangin-Cassegrain.
l
Teleskop-Systeme
Grunsätzlich
unterscheidet man bei astronomischen Telesko-
pen zwei Basis-Systeme: das Reflektor-Teleskop (Spiegel-
Teleskop) und das Refraktor-Teleskop (Linsen-Teleskop).
Spiegel-Teleskop (Reflektor)
Die gebräuchlichste Bauart von Spiegel-Teleskopen ist nach
ihrem Erfinder, Sir Isaac Newton benannt. Sie hat einen
Sphärisch- bei besseren Ausführungen
parabolisch-
geschliffenen Hohlspiegel, dessen Oberfläche mit Aluminium
bedampft ist.
Die Lichtstrahlen werden nach Reflektion am Hauptspiegel
kurz vor dem Brennpunkt mittels eines planen, um 45 Grad
geneigten Fangspiegels um 90 Grad umgelenkt, so daß der
Brennpunkt außerhalb des Haupttubus liegt, wo dann das
Okular eingesetzt wird.
Entscheidend
iür
die
Qualität eines Refraktors
ist die achromatische
Objektiv-Linse, dadurch
wird die Bildschärfe
erheblich gesteigert.
Strahlengang in einem Reflektor:
Linsen- Teleskop (Relraktor)
Ein Linsen-Teleskop besteht aus einer Objektiv-Linse und
einem Okular. Wichtig ist, daß die Objektiv-Linse achromatisch
(Doppel-Linse) ist.
Der Durchmesser der Objektiv-Linse ist mitentscheidend
fUr
die Lichtstärke des Teleskopes.
Vorteile eines Linsen-Teleskopes gegenüber einem Spiegel-
Teleskop:
a) kein Lichtverlust durch Ausspiegelung
b) hervorragende Bildschärfe.
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