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UNIVERSAL-6 70
Mode d’emploi
Que se passe-t-il lors de la combustion du bois ?
Processus de combustion.
Lors de la combustion du bois, les étapes suivantes peuvent être distinguées
:
Séchage:
La première étape est le séchage du combustible. À basse température déjà (~ 100°C),
la vapeur encore présente s’évapore. Ce séchage implique une perte sensible d’énergie
si du bois trop humide est brûlé. Une humidité adéquate est atteinte après un séchage
d’un an et demi à deux ans (taux d’humidité 15-17%).
Dégazage:
À des températures supérieures (150-350°C), il y a l’étape de dégazage. Au cours de
celle-ci, la structure chimique du combustible est brisée. Des liaisons volatiles
apparaissent, entre autres du monoxyde de carbone (CO), de la vapeur d’eau (H2O),
du méthane (CH4). De plus, souvent des substances volatiles à la température de
décomposition, mais qui se condensent à plus basse température, se forment :
les composants goudronneux (ce produit est aussi appelé créosote et se dépose, en
cas de chauffe incorrecte, dans la cheminée et dans les parties froides du poêle).
Combustion des produits de dégazage:
Les liaisons volatiles brûlent dans la phase gazeuse suite à l’apport de O2 (air).
La température de combustion des liaisons volatiles est d’environ 550°C.
Combustion du carbone solide:
Le composant solide qui subsiste est du carbone pratiquement pur qui brûle à environ
800°C suite à l’apport de O2 (air).
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