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Voor de omzetting van chemische energie naar elektrische energie
(galvanisch proces) zijn twee elektroden vereist, die door een zuuro-
plossing (elektrolyt) verbonden worden binnen de cel. In opgeladen
toestand bestaan de platen uit lood en loodoxide. De positieve plaat
bestaat uit loodoxide en de negatieve plaat bestaat uit zuiver lood.
Verdund zwavelzuur vormt de elektrolyt, die zorgt voor de stroom
van ionen tussen de platen. De elektrolyt kan vloeibaar, gel-achtig of
gebonden zijn in een glasmat, zoals het geval is bij een AGM-accu.
Wanneer de accu stroom levert, worden de negatief geladen sul-
faationen (SO
4
2
-) uit het zwavelzuur (H
2
SO
4
) gebonden op de pla-
ten. Beide platen veranderen geleidelijk in loodsulfaat (PbSO
4
). De
ongeladen loodatomen (Pb) van de loodplaat worden tweemaal
positief geladen (Pb
2+
) en de daarvoor viervoudig positief geladen
loodionen (Pb
4+
) in de loodoxideplaat worden ook tweemaal positief
geladen.
De loodplaat is elektrochemisch geoxideerd (van Pb naar Pb
2+
), ter-
wijl de loodoxideplaat een elektrochemische reductie ondergaat
(van Pb
4+
naar Pb
2+
). Om de ladingstoestand te compenseren, stro-
men elektronen van de loodplaat naar de loodoxideplaat. De accu
levert stroom.
ACCUFUNCTIE.
12_TECHNISCHE PRINCIPES
Banner_Technischer_Ratgeber_NL.indd 12 27.07.15 14:04
12


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