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Adobe Photoshop CC Manual

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Managing color with profiles
A. Profiles describe the color spaces of the input device and the document. B. Using the profiles’ descriptions, the color management system
identifies the document’s actual colors. C. The monitor’s profile tells the color management system how to translate the document’s numeric
values to the monitor’s color space. D. Using the output device’s profile, the color management system translates the document’s numeric values
to the color values of the output device so the correct appearance of colors is printed.
About monitor calibration and characterization
Profiling software can both calibrate and characterize your monitor. Calibrating your monitor brings it into compliance with a predefined standard—
for example, adjusting your monitor so that it displays color using the graphics arts standard white point color temperature of 5000° K (Kelvin).
Characterizing your monitor simply creates a profile that describes how the monitor is currently reproducing color.
Monitor calibration involves adjusting the following video settings:
Brightness and contrast The overall level and range, respectively, of display intensity. These parameters work just as they do on a television. A
monitor calibration utility helps you set an optimum brightness and contrast range for calibration.
Gamma The brightness of the midtone values. The values produced by a monitor from black to white are nonlinear—if you graph the values, they
form a curve, not a straight line. Gamma defines the value of that curve halfway between black and white.
Phosphors The substances that CRT monitors use to emit light. Different phosphors have different color characteristics.
White point The color and intensity of the brightest white the monitor can reproduce.
Calibrate and profile your monitor
When you calibrate your monitor, you are adjusting it so it conforms to a known specification. Once your monitor is calibrated, the profiling utility
lets you save a color profile. The profile describes the color behavior of the monitor—what colors can or cannot be displayed on the monitor and
how the numeric color values in an image must be converted so that colors are displayed accurately.
1.Make sure your monitor has been turned on for at least a half hour. This gives it sufficient time to warm up and produce more consistent
output.
2.Make sure your monitor is displaying thousands of colors or more. Ideally, make sure it is displaying millions of colors or 24-bit or higher.
3.Remove colorful background patterns on your monitor desktop and set your desktop to display neutral grays. Busy patterns or bright colors
surrounding a document interfere with accurate color perception.
4.Do one of the following to calibrate and profile your monitor:
In Windows, install and use a monitor calibration utility.
In Mac OS, use the Calibrate utility, located on the System Preferences/Displays/Color tab.
For the best results, use third-party software and measuring devices. In general, using a measuring device such as a colorimeter along
with software can create more accurate profiles because an instrument can measure the colors displayed on a monitor far more
accurately than the human eye.
Note: Monitor performance changes and declines over time; recalibrate and profile your monitor every month or so. If you find it difficult or
impossible to calibrate your monitor to a standard, it may be too old and faded.
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