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Adobe Dreamweaver CS6 Manual

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About XML and XSLT
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Using XML and XSL with web pages
Server-side XSL transformations
Client-side XSL transformations
XML data and repeating elements
Previewing XML data
Using XML and XSL with web pages
Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a language that lets you structure information. Like HTML, XML lets you structure your information using
tags, but XML tags are not predefined as HTML tags are. Instead, XML lets you create tags that best define your data structure (schema). Tags
are nested within others to create a schema of parent and child tags. Like most HTML tags, all tags in an XML schema have an opening and
closing tag.
The following example shows the basic structure of an XML file:
<?xml version="1.0">
<mybooks>
<book bookid="1">
<pubdate>03/01/2004</pubdate>
<title>Displaying XML Data with Adobe Dreamweaver</title>
<author>Charles Brown</author>
</book>
<book bookid="2">
<pubdate>04/08/2004</pubdate>
<title>Understanding XML</title>
<author>John Thompson</author>
</book>
</mybooks>
In this example, each parent <book> tag contains three child tags: <pubdate>, <title>, and <author>. But each <book> tag is also a child tag of the
<mybooks> tag, which is one level higher in the schema. You can name and structure XML tags in any way, provided that you nest tags
accordingly within others, and assign each opening tag a corresponding closing tag.
XML documents do not contain any formatting—they are simply containers of structured information. Once you have an XML schema, you can use
the Extensible Stylesheet Language (XSL) to display the information. In the way that Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) let you format HTML, XSL lets
you format XML data. You can define styles, page elements, layout, and so forth in an XSL file and attach it to an XML file so that when a user
views the XML data in a browser, the data is formatted according to whatever you’ve defined in the XSL file. The content (the XML data) and
presentation (defined by the XSL file) are entirely separate, providing you with greater control over how your information appears on a web page.
In essence, XSL is a presentation technology for XML, where the primary output is an HTML page.
Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (XSLT) is a subset language of XSL that actually lets you display XML data on a web page, and
“transform” it, along with XSL styles, into readable, styled information in the form of HTML. You can use Dreamweaver to create XSLT pages that
let you perform XSL transformations using an application server or a browser. In a server-side XSL transformation, the server does the work of
transforming the XML and XSL, and displaying it on the page. In a client-side transformation, a browser (such as Internet Explorer) does the work.
The approach you ultimately take (server-side transformations versus client-side transformations) depends on what you are trying to achieve as an
end result, the technologies available to you, the level of access you have to XML source files, and other factors. Both approaches have their own
benefits and limitations. For example, server-side transformations work in all browsers while client-side transformations are restricted to modern
browsers only (Internet Explorer 6, Netscape 8, Mozilla 1.8, and Firefox 1.0.2). Server-side transformations let you display XML data dynamically
from your own server or from anywhere else on the web, while client-side transformations must use XML data that is locally hosted on your own
web server. Finally, server-side transformations require that you deploy your pages to a configured application server, while client-side
transformations only require access to a web server.
For a tutorial about understanding XML, see www.adobe.com/go/vid0165.
Server-side XSL transformations
Dreamweaver provides methods for creating XSLT pages that let you perform server-side XSL transformations. When an application server
performs the XSL transformation, the file containing the XML data can reside on your own server, or anywhere else on the web. Additionally, any
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